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|
(.module: {#.doc "The actor model of concurrency."}
[library
[lux #*
[abstract
monad]
[control
[pipe (#+ case>)]
["." function]
["." try (#+ Try)]
["." exception (#+ exception:)]
["." io (#+ IO io)]
["<>" parser
["<.>" code (#+ Parser)]]]
[data
["." bit]
["." product]
[text
["%" format (#+ format)]]
[collection
["." list ("#\." monoid monad fold)]]]
["." macro (#+ with_gensyms)
["." code]
[syntax (#+ syntax:)
["|.|" input]
["|.|" export]
["|.|" annotations]]]
[math
[number
["n" nat]]]
["." meta (#+ monad)
["." annotation]]
[type (#+ :share)
["." abstract (#+ abstract: :representation :abstraction)]]]]
[//
["." atom (#+ Atom atom)]
["." promise (#+ Promise Resolver) ("#\." monad)]
["." frp (#+ Channel)]])
(exception: #export poisoned)
(exception: #export dead)
(with_expansions
[<Mail> (as_is (-> s (Actor s) (Promise (Try s))))
<Obituary> (as_is [Text s (List <Mail>)])
<Mailbox> (as_is (Rec Mailbox
[(Promise [<Mail> Mailbox])
(Resolver [<Mail> Mailbox])]))]
(def: (pending [read write])
(All [a]
(-> (Rec Mailbox
[(Promise [a Mailbox])
(Resolver [a Mailbox])])
(IO (List a))))
(do {! io.monad}
[current (promise.poll read)]
(case current
(#.Some [head tail])
(\ ! map (|>> (#.Cons head))
(pending tail))
#.None
(wrap #.Nil))))
(abstract: #export (Actor s)
{#obituary [(Promise <Obituary>)
(Resolver <Obituary>)]
#mailbox (Atom <Mailbox>)}
(type: #export (Mail s)
<Mail>)
(type: #export (Obituary s)
<Obituary>)
(type: #export (Behavior o s)
{#.doc "An actor's behavior when mail is received and when a fatal error occurs."}
{#on_init (-> o s)
#on_mail (-> (Mail s) s (Actor s) (Promise (Try s)))})
(def: #export (spawn! behavior init)
{#.doc "Given a behavior and initial state, spawns an actor and returns it."}
(All [o s] (-> (Behavior o s) o (IO (Actor s))))
(io (let [[on_init on_mail] behavior
self (:share [o s]
(Behavior o s)
behavior
(Actor s)
(:abstraction {#obituary (promise.promise [])
#mailbox (atom (promise.promise []))}))
process (loop [state (on_init init)
[|mailbox| _] (io.run (atom.read (get@ #mailbox (:representation self))))]
(do {! promise.monad}
[[head tail] |mailbox|
?state' (on_mail head state self)]
(case ?state'
(#try.Failure error)
(let [[_ resolve] (get@ #obituary (:representation self))]
(exec (io.run
(do io.monad
[pending (..pending tail)]
(resolve [error state (#.Cons head pending)])))
(wrap [])))
(#try.Success state')
(recur state' tail))))]
self)))
(def: #export (alive? actor)
(All [s] (-> (Actor s) (IO Bit)))
(let [[obituary _] (get@ #obituary (:representation actor))]
(|> obituary
promise.poll
(\ io.functor map
(|>> (case> #.None
bit.yes
_
bit.no))))))
(def: #export (obituary actor)
(All [s] (-> (Actor s) (IO (Maybe (Obituary s)))))
(let [[obituary _] (get@ #obituary (:representation actor))]
(promise.poll obituary)))
(def: #export await
(All [s] (-> (Actor s) (Promise (Obituary s))))
(|>> :representation
(get@ #obituary)
product.left))
(def: #export (mail! mail actor)
{#.doc "Send mail to an actor.."}
(All [s] (-> (Mail s) (Actor s) (IO (Try Any))))
(do {! io.monad}
[alive? (..alive? actor)]
(if alive?
(let [entry [mail (promise.promise [])]]
(do !
[|mailbox|&resolve (atom.read (get@ #mailbox (:representation actor)))]
(loop [[|mailbox| resolve] |mailbox|&resolve]
(do !
[|mailbox| (promise.poll |mailbox|)]
(case |mailbox|
#.None
(do !
[resolved? (resolve entry)]
(if resolved?
(do !
[_ (atom.write (product.right entry) (get@ #mailbox (:representation actor)))]
(wrap (exception.return [])))
(recur |mailbox|&resolve)))
(#.Some [_ |mailbox|'])
(recur |mailbox|'))))))
(wrap (exception.throw ..dead [])))))
(type: #export (Message s o)
(-> s (Actor s) (Promise (Try [s o]))))
(def: (mail message)
(All [s o] (-> (Message s o) [(Promise (Try o)) (Mail s)]))
(let [[promise resolve] (:share [s o]
(Message s o)
message
[(Promise (Try o))
(Resolver (Try o))]
(promise.promise []))]
[promise
(function (_ state self)
(do {! promise.monad}
[outcome (message state self)]
(case outcome
(#try.Success [state' return])
(exec (io.run (resolve (#try.Success return)))
(promise.resolved (#try.Success state')))
(#try.Failure error)
(exec (io.run (resolve (#try.Failure error)))
(promise.resolved (#try.Failure error))))))]))
(def: #export (tell! message actor)
{#.doc "Communicate with an actor through message passing."}
(All [s o] (-> (Message s o) (Actor s) (Promise (Try o))))
(let [[promise mail] (..mail message)]
(do promise.monad
[outcome (promise.future (..mail! mail actor))]
(case outcome
(#try.Success)
promise
(#try.Failure error)
(wrap (#try.Failure error))))))
)
)
(def: (default_on_mail mail state self)
(All [s] (-> (Mail s) s (Actor s) (Promise (Try s))))
(mail state self))
(def: #export default
(All [s] (Behavior s s))
{#on_init function.identity
#on_mail ..default_on_mail})
(def: #export (poison! actor)
{#.doc (doc "Kills the actor by sending mail that will kill it upon processing,"
"but allows the actor to handle previous mail.")}
(All [s] (-> (Actor s) (IO (Try Any))))
(..mail! (function (_ state self)
(promise.resolved (exception.throw ..poisoned [])))
actor))
(def: actor_decl^
(Parser [Text (List Text)])
(<>.either (<code>.form (<>.and <code>.local_identifier (<>.some <code>.local_identifier)))
(<>.and <code>.local_identifier (\ <>.monad wrap (list)))))
(type: On_MailC
[[Text Text Text] Code])
(type: BehaviorC
[(Maybe On_MailC) (List Code)])
(def: argument
(Parser Text)
<code>.local_identifier)
(def: behavior^
(Parser BehaviorC)
(let [on_mail_args ($_ <>.and ..argument ..argument ..argument)]
($_ <>.and
(<>.maybe (<code>.form (<>.and (<code>.form (<>.after (<code>.this! (' on_mail)) on_mail_args))
<code>.any)))
(<>.some <code>.any))))
(def: (on_mail g!_ ?on_mail)
(-> Code (Maybe On_MailC) Code)
(case ?on_mail
#.None
(` (~! ..default_on_mail))
(#.Some [[mailN stateN selfN] bodyC])
(` (function ((~ g!_)
(~ (code.local_identifier mailN))
(~ (code.local_identifier stateN))
(~ (code.local_identifier selfN)))
(~ bodyC)))))
(with_expansions [<examples> (as_is (actor: #export (Stack a)
(List a)
((on_mail mail state self)
(do (try.with promise.monad)
[#let [_ (log! "BEFORE")]
output (mail state self)
#let [_ (log! "AFTER")]]
(wrap output)))
(message: #export (push {value a} state self (List a))
(let [state' (#.Cons value state)]
(promise.resolved (#try.Success [state' state'])))))
(actor: #export Counter
Nat
(message: #export (count! {increment Nat} state self Any)
(let [state' (n.+ increment state)]
(promise.resolved (#try.Success [state' state']))))
(message: #export (read! state self Nat)
(promise.resolved (#try.Success [state state])))))]
(syntax: #export (actor:
{export |export|.parser}
{[name vars] actor_decl^}
{annotations (<>.default |annotations|.empty |annotations|.parser)}
state_type
{[?on_mail messages] behavior^})
{#.doc (doc "Defines an actor, with its behavior and internal state."
"Messages for the actor must be defined after the on_mail handler."
<examples>)}
(with_gensyms [g!_]
(do meta.monad
[g!type (macro.gensym (format name "_abstract_type"))
#let [g!actor (code.local_identifier name)
g!vars (list\map code.local_identifier vars)]]
(wrap (list (` ((~! abstract:) (~+ (|export|.format export)) ((~ g!type) (~+ g!vars))
(~ state_type)
(def: (~+ (|export|.format export)) (~ g!actor)
(All [(~+ g!vars)]
(..Behavior (~ state_type) ((~ g!type) (~+ g!vars))))
{#..on_init (|>> ((~! abstract.:abstraction) (~ g!type)))
#..on_mail (~ (..on_mail g!_ ?on_mail))})
(~+ messages))))))))
(syntax: #export (actor {[state_type init] (<code>.record (<>.and <code>.any <code>.any))}
{[?on_mail messages] behavior^})
(with_gensyms [g!_]
(wrap (list (` (: ((~! io.IO) (..Actor (~ state_type)))
(..spawn! (: (..Behavior (~ state_type) (~ state_type))
{#..on_init (|>>)
#..on_mail (~ (..on_mail g!_ ?on_mail))})
(: (~ state_type)
(~ init)))))))))
(type: Signature
{#vars (List Text)
#name Text
#inputs (List |input|.Input)
#state Text
#self Text
#output Code})
(def: signature^
(Parser Signature)
(<code>.form ($_ <>.and
(<>.default (list) (<code>.tuple (<>.some <code>.local_identifier)))
<code>.local_identifier
(<>.some |input|.parser)
<code>.local_identifier
<code>.local_identifier
<code>.any)))
(def: reference^
(Parser [Name (List Text)])
(<>.either (<code>.form (<>.and <code>.identifier (<>.some <code>.local_identifier)))
(<>.and <code>.identifier (\ <>.monad wrap (list)))))
(syntax: #export (message:
{export |export|.parser}
{signature signature^}
{annotations (<>.default |annotations|.empty |annotations|.parser)}
body)
{#.doc (doc "A message can access the actor's state through the state parameter."
"A message can also access the actor itself through the self parameter."
"A message's output must be a promise containing a 2-tuple with the updated state and a return value."
"A message may succeed or fail (in case of failure, the actor dies)."
<examples>)}
(with_gensyms [g!_ g!return]
(do meta.monad
[actor_scope abstract.current
#let [g!type (code.local_identifier (get@ #abstract.name actor_scope))
g!message (code.local_identifier (get@ #name signature))
g!actor_vars (get@ #abstract.type_vars actor_scope)
g!all_vars (|> signature (get@ #vars) (list\map code.local_identifier) (list\compose g!actor_vars))
g!inputsC (|> signature (get@ #inputs) (list\map product.left))
g!inputsT (|> signature (get@ #inputs) (list\map product.right))
g!state (|> signature (get@ #state) code.local_identifier)
g!self (|> signature (get@ #self) code.local_identifier)]]
(wrap (list (` (def: (~+ (|export|.format export)) ((~ g!message) (~+ g!inputsC))
(~ (|annotations|.format annotations))
(All [(~+ g!all_vars)]
(-> (~+ g!inputsT)
(..Message (~ (get@ #abstract.abstraction actor_scope))
(~ (get@ #output signature)))))
(function ((~ g!_) (~ g!state) (~ g!self))
(let [(~ g!state) (:as (~ (get@ #abstract.representation actor_scope))
(~ g!state))]
(|> (~ body)
(: ((~! promise.Promise) ((~! try.Try) [(~ (get@ #abstract.representation actor_scope))
(~ (get@ #output signature))])))
(:as ((~! promise.Promise) ((~! try.Try) [(~ (get@ #abstract.abstraction actor_scope))
(~ (get@ #output signature))]))))))))
))))))
(type: #export Stop
(IO Any))
(def: continue! true)
(def: stop! false)
(def: #export (observe action channel actor)
(All [e s] (-> (-> e Stop (Mail s)) (Channel e) (Actor s) (IO Any)))
(let [signal (: (Atom Bit)
(atom.atom ..continue!))
stop (: Stop
(atom.write ..stop! signal))]
(frp.subscribe (function (_ event)
(do {! io.monad}
[continue? (atom.read signal)]
(if continue?
(do !
[outcome (..mail! (action event stop) actor)]
(wrap (try.to_maybe outcome)))
(wrap #.None))))
channel)))
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