Can now compile loops in C++.

19 files changed, 432 insertions, 138 deletions

diff --git a/stdlib/source/library/lux/data/format/tar.lux b/stdlib/source/library/lux/data/format/tar.lux
index b5627f0b2..13819cdb5 100644
--- a/stdlib/source/library/lux/data/format/tar.lux
+++ b/stdlib/source/library/lux/data/format/tar.lux
@@ -855,8 +855,8 @@
         (n.- |checksum|)
         (n.+ ..checksum_checksum))))
 
-(def header_parser
-  (Parser Header)
+(def header_parser/0
+  (Parser [Binary [Path Mode ID ID Big Big [Nat Checksum]]])
   (function (_ state)
     (`` (<| (,, (with_template [<binding> <parser>]
                   [(parsed state <binding> <parser>)]
@@ -870,10 +870,12 @@
                   [modification_time ..big_parser]
                   [[actual checksum_code] ..checksum_parser]
                   ))
-            (let [expected (expected_checksum checksum_code binary_header)])
-            (if (not (n.= expected actual))
-              (exception.except ..wrong_checksum [expected actual]))
-            (,, (with_template [<binding> <parser>]
+            {try.#Success [state [binary_header path mode user_id group_id size modification_time [actual checksum_code]]]}))))
+
+(def header_parser/1
+  (Parser [Link_Flag Path Magic Name Name Device Device])
+  (function (_ state)
+    (`` (<| (,, (with_template [<binding> <parser>]
                   [(parsed state <binding> <parser>)]
 
                   [link_flag ..link_flag_parser]
@@ -885,20 +887,39 @@
                   [minor_device ..small_parser]
                   [_ (?binary.segment ..header_padding_size)]
                   ))
-            {try.#Success [state [#path path
-                                  #mode mode
-                                  #user_id user_id
-                                  #group_id group_id
-                                  #size size
-                                  #modification_time modification_time
-                                  #checksum checksum_code
-                                  #link_flag link_flag
-                                  #link_name link_name
-                                  #magic magic
-                                  #user_name user_name
-                                  #group_name group_name
-                                  #major_device major_device
-                                  #minor_device minor_device]]}))))
+            {try.#Success [state [link_flag link_name magic user_name group_name major_device minor_device]]}))))
+
+(def header_parser
+  (Parser Header)
+  (let [phase/1 (all <>.and
+                     ..link_flag_parser
+                     ..path_parser
+                     ..magic_parser
+                     ..name_parser
+                     ..name_parser
+                     ..small_parser
+                     ..small_parser
+                     (?binary.segment ..header_padding_size))]
+    (function (_ state)
+      (`` (<| (parsed state [binary_header path mode user_id group_id size modification_time [actual checksum_code]] ..header_parser/0)
+              (let [expected (expected_checksum checksum_code binary_header)])
+              (if (not (n.= expected actual))
+                (exception.except ..wrong_checksum [expected actual]))
+              (parsed state [link_flag link_name magic user_name group_name major_device minor_device] ..header_parser/1)
+              {try.#Success [state [#path path
+                                    #mode mode
+                                    #user_id user_id
+                                    #group_id group_id
+                                    #size size
+                                    #modification_time modification_time
+                                    #checksum checksum_code
+                                    #link_flag link_flag
+                                    #link_name link_name
+                                    #magic magic
+                                    #user_name user_name
+                                    #group_name group_name
+                                    #major_device major_device
+                                    #minor_device minor_device]]})))))
 
 (def (file_parser header)
   (-> Header
diff --git a/stdlib/source/library/lux/ffi/export.rb.lux b/stdlib/source/library/lux/ffi/export.rb.lux
index 0a5c6592c..0f4ab736d 100644
--- a/stdlib/source/library/lux/ffi/export.rb.lux
+++ b/stdlib/source/library/lux/ffi/export.rb.lux
@@ -23,9 +23,9 @@
     [macro
      [syntax (.only syntax)]
      ["[0]" expansion]]
-    [target
-     ["/" ruby]]
     [compiler
+     [target
+      ["/" ruby]]
      [meta
       [cache
        ["[0]" dependency
diff --git a/stdlib/source/library/lux/math/number/frac.lux b/stdlib/source/library/lux/math/number/frac.lux
index a2148b973..b35168133 100644
--- a/stdlib/source/library/lux/math/number/frac.lux
+++ b/stdlib/source/library/lux/math/number/frac.lux
@@ -926,8 +926,8 @@
          Frac)
      (|>> (* <factor>)))]
 
-  [+100.0 percentage]
   [+360.0 degree]
+  [+100.0 percentage]
 
   ... https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Per_mille
   [+01,000.0 permille]
diff --git a/stdlib/source/library/lux/meta/compiler/language/lux/phase/translation/c++.lux b/stdlib/source/library/lux/meta/compiler/language/lux/phase/translation/c++.lux
index 207a9e98e..60e5f3795 100644
--- a/stdlib/source/library/lux/meta/compiler/language/lux/phase/translation/c++.lux
+++ b/stdlib/source/library/lux/meta/compiler/language/lux/phase/translation/c++.lux
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
   ["[1][0]" reference]
   ["[1][0]" function]
   ["[1][0]" when]
-  ... ["[1][0]" loop]
+  ["[1][0]" loop]
   [///
    ["[0]" extension]
    [//
@@ -82,17 +82,14 @@
       ... (synthesis.branch/get @ [path recordS])
       ... (/when.get phase archive [path recordS])
 
-      ... (synthesis.loop/scope @ scope)
-      ... (/loop.scope phase archive scope)
+      (synthesis.loop/scope @ it)
+      (/loop.scope phase archive it)
 
       ... (synthesis.loop/again @ updates)
       ... (/loop.again phase archive updates)
 
-      (synthesis.function/abstraction @ [environment arity (synthesis.loop/scope @ [1 (list) iteration])])
-      (/function.abstraction phase archive [environment arity iteration])
-
-      ... (synthesis.function/abstraction @ abstraction)
-      ... (/function.abstraction phase archive abstraction)
+      (synthesis.function/abstraction @ it)
+      (/function.abstraction phase archive it)
 
       (synthesis.function/apply @ it)
       (/function.reification phase archive it)
diff --git a/stdlib/source/library/lux/meta/compiler/language/lux/phase/translation/c++/function.lux b/stdlib/source/library/lux/meta/compiler/language/lux/phase/translation/c++/function.lux
index b7d1ab4d7..c56cebbd2 100644
--- a/stdlib/source/library/lux/meta/compiler/language/lux/phase/translation/c++/function.lux
+++ b/stdlib/source/library/lux/meta/compiler/language/lux/phase/translation/c++/function.lux
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
   ["[0]" reference]
   [////
    [analysis (.only Reification)]
-   [synthesis (.only Abstraction)]
+   ["[0]" synthesis (.only Abstraction')]
    ["[0]" phase]
    [///
     [meta
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
     (in (runtime.on arguments abstraction))))
 
 (def .public (abstraction next archive [environment arity body])
-  (runtime.Term Abstraction)
+  (runtime.Term Abstraction')
   (do [! phase.monad]
     [dependencies (cache.dependencies archive body)
      body (next archive body)
@@ -44,8 +44,13 @@
             (_.lambda (|> environment
                           list.enumeration
                           (list#each (function (_ [register variable])
-                                       (_.alias (reference.foreign register)
-                                                (reference.variable variable)))))
+                                       (when variable
+                                         (synthesis.variable @ variable)
+                                         (_.alias (reference.foreign register)
+                                                  (reference.variable variable))
+
+                                         _
+                                         (undefined)))))
                       (list [runtime.value_type $self]
                             [(_.* runtime.value_type) $arguments])
                       {.#Some runtime.value_type}
diff --git a/stdlib/source/library/lux/meta/compiler/language/lux/phase/translation/c++/loop.lux b/stdlib/source/library/lux/meta/compiler/language/lux/phase/translation/c++/loop.lux
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..64b84edc2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/stdlib/source/library/lux/meta/compiler/language/lux/phase/translation/c++/loop.lux
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+... This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public License, v. 2.0.
+... If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this file, You can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+
+(.require
+ [library
+  [lux (.except Scope)
+   [abstract
+    ["[0]" monad (.only do)]]
+   [data
+    ["[0]" product]
+    ["[0]" text (.only)
+     ["%" \\format (.only format)]]
+    [collection
+     ["[0]" list (.use "[1]#[0]" functor mix)]]]
+   [math
+    [number
+     ["n" nat]]]
+   [meta
+    [compiler
+     [target
+      ["_" c++]]]]]]
+ [//
+  ["[0]" runtime (.only Operation Phase)]
+  ["[0]" reference]
+  [////
+   ["[0]" phase]
+   ["[0]" synthesis (.only Scope)]
+   ["[0]" translation]
+   [///
+    [reference
+     [variable (.only Register)]]]]])
+
+(def @scope
+  (-> Nat
+      _.Label)
+  (|>> %.nat
+       (format "scope")
+       _.label))
+
+(def $iteration_parameters
+  (-> Nat
+      _.Local)
+  (|>> %.nat
+       (format "iteration_parameters")
+       _.local))
+
+(def (setup $iteration_parameters initial? offset bindings body)
+  (-> _.Local Bit Register (List _.Expression) _.Statement
+      _.Statement)
+  (when bindings
+    (list)
+    body
+
+    (list binding)
+    (let [$binding (reference.local offset)]
+      (_.block
+       (all _.then
+            (if initial?
+              (_.variable $binding runtime.value_type binding)
+              (_.:= $binding binding))
+            body
+            )))
+
+    _
+    (|> bindings
+        list.enumeration
+        (list#each (is (-> [Register _.Expression]
+                           _.Statement)
+                       (function (_ [register _])
+                         (let [variable (reference.local (n.+ offset register))
+                               value (_.item (_.int (.int register)) $iteration_parameters)]
+                           (if initial?
+                             (_.variable variable runtime.value_type value)
+                             (_.:= variable value))))))
+        list.reversed
+        (list#mix _.then body)
+        (_.then (_.constant_array $iteration_parameters
+                                  runtime.value_type
+                                  (_.int (.int (list.size bindings)))
+                                  (_.initialization bindings)))
+        _.block)))
+
+(def .public (scope next archive [start initialization body])
+  (runtime.Term Scope)
+  (when initialization
+    ... function/false/non-independent loop
+    {.#End}
+    (next archive body)
+
+    ... true loop
+    _
+    (do [! phase.monad]
+      [@scope (of ! each ..@scope translation.next)
+       initialization (monad.each ! (next archive) initialization)
+       body (translation.with_anchor [start @scope]
+              (next archive body))
+       $iteration_parameters (of ! each ..$iteration_parameters translation.next)]
+      (in (|> (..setup $iteration_parameters
+                       true start
+                       initialization
+                       (all _.then
+                            (_.set_label @scope)
+                            (_.return body)))
+              (_.lambda (list _.all_by_value)
+                        (list)
+                        {.#Some runtime.value_type})
+              (_.on (list)))))))
+
+... (def .public (iteration statement expression archive it)
+...   (runtime.Term List)
+...   (do [! phase.monad]
+...     [[offset @scope] translation.anchor
+...      it (monad.each ! (expression archive) it)
+...      $iteration_parameters (of ! each ..$iteration_parameters translation.next)]
+...     (in (..setup $iteration_parameters
+...                  false offset it
+...                  (_.go_to @scope)))))
diff --git a/stdlib/source/library/lux/meta/compiler/language/lux/phase/translation/c++/runtime.lux b/stdlib/source/library/lux/meta/compiler/language/lux/phase/translation/c++/runtime.lux
index 14e791d31..6f58e2dfe 100644
--- a/stdlib/source/library/lux/meta/compiler/language/lux/phase/translation/c++/runtime.lux
+++ b/stdlib/source/library/lux/meta/compiler/language/lux/phase/translation/c++/runtime.lux
@@ -32,6 +32,8 @@
   ["[0]" synthesis]
   ["[0]" translation]
   [///
+   [reference
+    [variable (.only Register)]]
    [meta
     [archive (.only Output Archive)
      ["[0]" registry (.only Registry)]
@@ -39,7 +41,7 @@
      ["[0]" unit]]]]])
 
 (type .public Anchor
-  Any)
+  [Register _.Label])
 
 (type .public Value
   _.Expression)
diff --git a/stdlib/source/library/lux/meta/compiler/language/lux/phase/translation/js/loop.lux b/stdlib/source/library/lux/meta/compiler/language/lux/phase/translation/js/loop.lux
index 50e19dcf6..da097fea9 100644
--- a/stdlib/source/library/lux/meta/compiler/language/lux/phase/translation/js/loop.lux
+++ b/stdlib/source/library/lux/meta/compiler/language/lux/phase/translation/js/loop.lux
@@ -100,21 +100,13 @@
       [loop! (scope! statement expression archive [start initsS+ bodyS])]
       (in (_.apply (_.closure (list) loop!) (list))))))
 
-(def @temp
-  (_.var "lux_again_values"))
-
-(def .public (again! statement expression archive argsS+)
+(def .public (again! statement expression archive it)
   (Translator! (List synthesis.Term))
   (do [! phase.monad]
     [[offset @scope] /////translation.anchor
-     argsO+ (monad.each ! (expression archive) argsS+)
+     it (monad.each ! (expression archive) it)
      $iteration (of ! each ..$iteration /////translation.next)]
-    (in (all _.then
-             (_.define @temp (_.array argsO+))
-             (..setup $iteration
-                      false offset
-                      (|> argsO+
-                          list.enumeration
-                          (list#each (function (_ [idx _])
-                                       (_.at (_.i32 (.int idx)) @temp))))
-                      (_.continue_at (_.label @scope)))))))
+    (in (..setup $iteration
+                 false offset
+                 it
+                 (_.continue_at (_.label @scope))))))
diff --git a/stdlib/source/library/lux/meta/compiler/language/lux/phase/translation/jvm/function/field/variable.lux b/stdlib/source/library/lux/meta/compiler/language/lux/phase/translation/jvm/function/field/variable.lux
index e300ab9cf..dbb35688f 100644
--- a/stdlib/source/library/lux/meta/compiler/language/lux/phase/translation/jvm/function/field/variable.lux
+++ b/stdlib/source/library/lux/meta/compiler/language/lux/phase/translation/jvm/function/field/variable.lux
@@ -26,17 +26,20 @@
    [reference
     [variable (.only Register)]]]])
 
-(def .public type ////type.value)
+(def .public type
+  ////type.value)
 
 (def .public (get class name)
-  (-> (Type Class) Text (Bytecode Any))
+  (-> (Type Class) Text
+      (Bytecode Any))
   (all _.composite
        ////reference.this
        (_.getfield class name ..type)
        ))
 
 (def .public (put naming class register value)
-  (-> (-> Register Text) (Type Class) Register (Bytecode Any) (Bytecode Any))
+  (-> (-> Register Text) (Type Class) Register (Bytecode Any)
+      (Bytecode Any))
   (all _.composite
        ////reference.this
        value
@@ -50,11 +53,13 @@
        ))
 
 (def .public (variable name type)
-  (-> Text (Type Value) (Resource Field))
+  (-> Text (Type Value)
+      (Resource Field))
   (field.field ..modifier name false type (sequence.sequence)))
 
 (def .public (variables naming amount)
-  (-> (-> Register Text) Nat (List (Resource Field)))
+  (-> (-> Register Text) Nat
+      (List (Resource Field)))
   (|> amount
       list.indices
       (list#each (function (_ register)
diff --git a/stdlib/source/library/lux/meta/compiler/language/lux/phase/translation/lua/loop.lux b/stdlib/source/library/lux/meta/compiler/language/lux/phase/translation/lua/loop.lux
index b12c5d271..74bf480b5 100644
--- a/stdlib/source/library/lux/meta/compiler/language/lux/phase/translation/lua/loop.lux
+++ b/stdlib/source/library/lux/meta/compiler/language/lux/phase/translation/lua/loop.lux
@@ -120,9 +120,9 @@
        _ (/////translation.save! artifact_id {.#None} declaration)]
       (in (_.apply initsO+ instantiation)))))
 
-(def .public (again! statement expression archive argsS+)
+(def .public (again! statement expression archive it)
   (Translator! (List synthesis.Term))
   (do [! phase.monad]
     [[offset @scope] /////translation.anchor
-     argsO+ (monad.each ! (expression archive) argsS+)]
-    (in (..setup false offset argsO+ false (_.go_to @scope)))))
+     it (monad.each ! (expression archive) it)]
+    (in (..setup false offset it false (_.go_to @scope)))))
diff --git a/stdlib/source/library/lux/meta/compiler/language/lux/phase/translation/python/loop.lux b/stdlib/source/library/lux/meta/compiler/language/lux/phase/translation/python/loop.lux
index d7a494c1a..f46f99529 100644
--- a/stdlib/source/library/lux/meta/compiler/language/lux/phase/translation/python/loop.lux
+++ b/stdlib/source/library/lux/meta/compiler/language/lux/phase/translation/python/loop.lux
@@ -115,17 +115,10 @@
        _ (/////translation.save! loop_artifact {.#None} declaration)]
       (in (_.apply initsO+ instantiation)))))
 
-(def .public (again! statement expression archive argsS+)
+(def .public (again! statement expression archive it)
   (Translator! (List synthesis.Term))
   (do [! phase.monad]
     [offset /////translation.anchor
-     @temp (//when.symbol "lux_again_values")
-     argsO+ (monad.each ! (expression archive) argsS+)
-     .let [re_binds (|> argsO+
-                        list.enumeration
-                        (list#each (function (_ [idx _])
-                                     (_.item (_.int (.int idx)) @temp))))]]
-    (in (all _.then
-             (_.set (list @temp) (_.list argsO+))
-             (..setup offset re_binds
-                      _.continue)))))
+     it (monad.each ! (expression archive) it)]
+    (in (..setup offset it
+                 _.continue))))
diff --git a/stdlib/source/library/lux/meta/compiler/language/lux/phase/translation/ruby/loop.lux b/stdlib/source/library/lux/meta/compiler/language/lux/phase/translation/ruby/loop.lux
index 4cff08fc6..1ef6a91a5 100644
--- a/stdlib/source/library/lux/meta/compiler/language/lux/phase/translation/ruby/loop.lux
+++ b/stdlib/source/library/lux/meta/compiler/language/lux/phase/translation/ruby/loop.lux
@@ -84,17 +84,10 @@
               [(list)] (_.lambda {.#None})
               (_.apply_lambda (list)))))))
 
-(def .public (again! statement expression archive argsS+)
+(def .public (again! statement expression archive it)
   (Translator! (List synthesis.Term))
   (do [! phase.monad]
     [offset /////translation.anchor
-     @temp (//when.symbol "lux_again_values")
-     argsO+ (monad.each ! (expression archive) argsS+)
-     .let [re_binds (|> argsO+
-                        list.enumeration
-                        (list#each (function (_ [idx _])
-                                     (_.item (_.int (.int idx)) @temp))))]]
-    (in (all _.then
-             (_.set (list @temp) (_.array argsO+))
-             (..setup offset re_binds
-                      _.next)))))
+     it (monad.each ! (expression archive) it)]
+    (in (..setup offset it
+                 _.next))))
diff --git a/stdlib/source/library/lux/meta/compiler/target/c++.lux b/stdlib/source/library/lux/meta/compiler/target/c++.lux
index b29ce98ad..56566a3e1 100644
--- a/stdlib/source/library/lux/meta/compiler/target/c++.lux
+++ b/stdlib/source/library/lux/meta/compiler/target/c++.lux
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 
 (.require
  [library
-  [lux (.except Code Type Global Declaration Definition
+  [lux (.except Code Type Global Declaration Definition Label
                 int as function template local global type also of is if for alias)
    [abstract
     [equivalence (.only Equivalence)]]
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
 (def template_delimiters ["<" ">"])
 (def initialization_delimiters ["{" "}"])
 (def capture_delimiters ["[" "]"])
+(def array_delimiters ..capture_delimiters)
 
 (nominal.def .public (Code of)
   Text
@@ -75,7 +76,8 @@
      [[Capture []]
       [Parameter [of]]
       [Expression [of]]
-      [Statement [of]]]]
+      [Statement [of]]
+      [Label [of]]]]
 
     [Parameter
      [[Type [of]]]]
@@ -99,10 +101,12 @@
       [Computation [of]]]]
 
     [Computation
-     [[Instantiation []]]]
+     [[Instantiation []]
+      [Initialization []]]]
 
     [Statement
-     [[Declaration [of]]]]
+     [[Declaration [of]]
+      [Block []]]]
 
     [Declaration
      [[Definition [of]]]]
@@ -237,22 +241,26 @@
         Instantiation)
     (<% (%.format (%> constructor) (application parameters))))
 
-  (def initialization
+  (def .public initialization
     (-> (List Expression)
-        Text)
+        Initialization)
     (|>> (list#each ..code)
          (text.interposed ..parameter_separator)
-         (text.enclosed ..initialization_delimiters)))
+         (text.enclosed ..initialization_delimiters)
+         <%))
 
   (def .public (structure name parameters)
     (-> Type (List Expression)
         Instantiation)
-    (<% (%.format (%> name) (initialization parameters))))
+    (<% (%.format (%> name)
+                  (%> (initialization parameters)))))
 
   (def .public (array type arity initials)
     (-> Type Expression (List Expression)
         Instantiation)
-    (<% (%.format (%> type) "[" (%> arity) "]" " " (initialization initials))))
+    (<% (%.format (%> type)
+                  (text.enclosed ..array_delimiters (%> arity))
+                  " " (%> (initialization initials)))))
 
   (def .public (new it)
     (-> Instantiation
@@ -347,28 +355,30 @@
          (text.interposed ..parameter_separator)
          (text.enclosed ..term_delimiters)))
 
-  (def block
-    (-> Text
-        Text)
+  (def .public block
+    (-> Statement
+        Block)
     (let [\n\t (%.format \n \t)
           <| (%.format "{" \n\t)
           |> (%.format \n "}")]
-      (|>> (text.replaced \n \n\t)
-           (text.enclosed [<| |>]))))
+      (|>> %>
+           (text.replaced \n \n\t)
+           (text.enclosed [<| |>])
+           <%)))
 
   (def .public (function name types inputs output body)
     (-> Local (List Type_Name) (List Argument) Type Statement
         Definition)
     (<% (%.format (..template types)
                   (%> output) " " (%> name) (..arguments inputs)
-                  " " (..block (%> body)))))
+                  " " (%> (..block body)))))
 
   (def .public (namespace it body)
     (-> Namespace Declaration
         Declaration)
     (<% (%.format "namespace"
                   " " it
-                  " " (..block (%> body)))))
+                  " " (%> (..block body)))))
 
   ... https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/types/integer
   (with_template [<name>]
@@ -418,7 +428,7 @@
         Method)
     (.function (_ of)
       (<% (%.format "~" (%> of) "()"
-                    " " (block (%> body))))))
+                    " " (%> (block body))))))
 
   (def .public (var_declaration name type)
     (-> Local Type
@@ -431,6 +441,13 @@
         Definition)
     (..statement (%.format (%> type) " const " (%> name) " = " (%> value))))
 
+  (def .public (constant_array name type size value)
+    (-> Local Type Literal Expression
+        Definition)
+    (..statement (%.format (%> type) " const " (%> name)
+                           (text.enclosed ..array_delimiters (%> size))
+                           " = " (%> value))))
+
   (def .public (variable name type value)
     (-> Local Type Expression
         Definition)
@@ -447,14 +464,17 @@
     (..statement
      (%.format "struct"
                " " (%> name)
-               " " (block (|> (all list#composite
-                                   (list#each (.function (_ [name type])
-                                                (%> (var_declaration name type)))
-                                              fields)
-                                   (list#each (.function (_ it)
-                                                (..code (it name)))
-                                              methods))
-                              (text.interposed \n))))))
+               " " (|> (all list#composite
+                            (list#each (.function (_ [name type])
+                                         (%> (var_declaration name type)))
+                                       fields)
+                            (list#each (.function (_ it)
+                                         (..code (it name)))
+                                       methods))
+                       (text.interposed \n)
+                       <%
+                       ..block
+                       %>))))
 
   (def .public (enum_definition name options)
     (-> Local (List Local)
@@ -462,9 +482,12 @@
     (..statement
      (%.format "enum"
                " " (%> name)
-               " " (block (|> options
-                              (list#each ..code)
-                              (text.interposed ..parameter_separator))))))
+               " " (|> options
+                       (list#each ..code)
+                       (text.interposed ..parameter_separator)
+                       <%
+                       ..block
+                       %>))))
 
   (def captures
     (-> (List Capture)
@@ -496,7 +519,7 @@
                   (|> output
                       (maybe#each (|>> %> (%.format " -> ")))
                       (maybe.else ""))
-                  " " (..block (%> body)))))
+                  " " (%> (..block body)))))
 
   (def .public (? when then else)
     (-> Expression Expression Expression
@@ -515,7 +538,8 @@
   (def .public (item index array)
     (-> Expression Expression
         LValue)
-    (<% (%.format (%> array) "[" (%> index) "]")))
+    (<% (%.format (%> array)
+                  (text.enclosed ..array_delimiters (%> index)))))
 
   (with_template [<name> <operator>]
     [(def .public (<name> parameter subject)
@@ -542,8 +566,8 @@
     (-> Expression Statement Statement
         Statement)
     (<% (%.format "if" (..term (%> when))
-                  " " (..block (%> then))
-                  " else " (..block (%> else)))))
+                  " " (%> (..block then))
+                  " else " (%> (..block else)))))
 
   (def (for_initialization [type variable value])
     (-> [Type Local Expression]
@@ -566,5 +590,24 @@
                     (text.interposed (%.format ..statement_separator " "))
                     (text.enclosed ..term_delimiters))]
       (<% (%.format "for" setup
-                    " " (..block (%> body))))))
+                    " " (%> (..block body))))))
+
+  (def .public label
+    (-> Text
+        Label)
+    (|>> <%))
+
+  (def .public set_label
+    (-> Label
+        Statement)
+    (|>> %>
+         (text.suffix ":")
+         <%))
+
+  (def .public go_to
+    (-> Label
+        Statement)
+    (|>> %>
+         (%.format "goto ")
+         ..statement))
   )
diff --git a/stdlib/source/library/lux/world/finance/market/price.lux b/stdlib/source/library/lux/world/finance/market/price.lux
index 041ce59d7..ca75ca370 100644
--- a/stdlib/source/library/lux/world/finance/market/price.lux
+++ b/stdlib/source/library/lux/world/finance/market/price.lux
@@ -30,12 +30,26 @@
         (Price $)))
   (money.money $ 0))
 
+(def .public (maximum $)
+  (All (_ $)
+    (-> (Currency $)
+        (Price $)))
+  (money.money $ (of n.interval top)))
+
 ... https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Price_action_trading
 (nominal.def .public (Action $)
   (Record
    [#currency (Currency $)
     #movement Int])
 
+  (def .public (none $)
+    (All (_ $)
+      (-> (Currency $)
+          (Action $)))
+    (nominal.abstraction
+     [#currency $
+      #movement +0]))
+
   (def .public (action from to)
     (All (_ $)
       (-> (Price $) (Price $)
diff --git a/stdlib/source/test/lux/math/number/frac.lux b/stdlib/source/test/lux/math/number/frac.lux
index 7ae0e0aff..7a7f1c6bf 100644
--- a/stdlib/source/test/lux/math/number/frac.lux
+++ b/stdlib/source/test/lux/math/number/frac.lux
@@ -395,6 +395,20 @@
                      (|> expected /.opposite /.opposite (/.= expected))]
                  (and subtraction!
                       inverse!))))
+           (do [! random.monad]
+             [it (of ! each /.abs random.safe_frac)]
+             (_.coverage [/.degree]
+               (/.> it
+                    (/.degree it))))
+           (do [! random.monad]
+             [it (of ! each /.abs random.safe_frac)]
+             (_.coverage [/.percentage /.permille /.permyriad]
+               (and (/.> it
+                         (/.percentage it))
+                    (/.> (/.percentage it)
+                         (/.permille it))
+                    (/.> (/.permille it)
+                         (/.permyriad it)))))
 
            ..constant
            ..predicate
diff --git a/stdlib/source/test/lux/meta/compiler.lux b/stdlib/source/test/lux/meta/compiler.lux
index 682c7f96f..baa92d71f 100644
--- a/stdlib/source/test/lux/meta/compiler.lux
+++ b/stdlib/source/test/lux/meta/compiler.lux
@@ -31,28 +31,27 @@
                         "Ruby" (.,, (.these ["[1]/[0]" ruby]))
                         (.,, (.these))))]])))
 
-(`` (`` (def .public test
-          Test
-          (<| (_.covering /._)
-              (do [! random.monad]
-                [])
-              (all _.and
-                   (_.coverage [/.Code /.Parameter /.Input]
-                     true)
+(`` (def .public test
+      Test
+      (<| (_.covering /._)
+          (do [! random.monad]
+            [])
+          (all _.and
+               (_.coverage [/.Code /.Parameter /.Input]
+                 true)
 
-                   /arity.test
-                   /version.test
-                   /reference.test
-                   
-                   /language/lux.test
+               /arity.test
+               /version.test
+               /reference.test
+               
+               /language/lux.test
 
-                   /meta.test
+               /meta.test
 
-                   /target.test
-                   (,, (for @.jvm (,, (these /target/jvm.test))
-                            @.old (,, (these /target/jvm.test))
-                            @.js (,, (these /target/js.test))
-                            @.lua (,, (these /target/lua.test))
-                            @.python (,, (these /target/python.test))
-                            @.ruby (,, (these /target/ruby.test))))
-                   )))))
+               /target.test
+               (,, (for @.jvm /target/jvm.test
+                        @.js /target/js.test
+                        @.lua /target/lua.test
+                        @.python /target/python.test
+                        @.ruby /target/ruby.test))
+               ))))
diff --git a/stdlib/source/test/lux/meta/compiler/language/lux/phase/translation/jvm/function.lux b/stdlib/source/test/lux/meta/compiler/language/lux/phase/translation/jvm/function.lux
index fc26af607..16df01422 100644
--- a/stdlib/source/test/lux/meta/compiler/language/lux/phase/translation/jvm/function.lux
+++ b/stdlib/source/test/lux/meta/compiler/language/lux/phase/translation/jvm/function.lux
@@ -47,7 +47,8 @@
    [constant
     ["[0]T" arity]]
    [variable
-    ["[0]T" count]]]
+    ["[0]T" count]
+    ["[0]T" foreign]]]
   [//
    ["[0]T" complex]]])
 
@@ -154,4 +155,5 @@
            /method.test
            arityT.test
            countT.test
+           foreignT.test
            )))
diff --git a/stdlib/source/test/lux/meta/compiler/language/lux/phase/translation/jvm/function/field/variable/foreign.lux b/stdlib/source/test/lux/meta/compiler/language/lux/phase/translation/jvm/function/field/variable/foreign.lux
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..372439c33
--- /dev/null
+++ b/stdlib/source/test/lux/meta/compiler/language/lux/phase/translation/jvm/function/field/variable/foreign.lux
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+... This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public License, v. 2.0.
+... If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this file, You can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+
+(.require
+ [library
+  [lux (.except)
+   [abstract
+    [monad (.only do)]]
+   [control
+    ["[0]" io]
+    ["[0]" try (.use "[1]#[0]" functor)]
+    ["[0]" function]]
+   [data
+    ["[0]" bit (.use "[1]#[0]" equivalence)]
+    [collection
+     ["[0]" list]]]
+   [math
+    ["[0]" random (.only Random)]
+    [number
+     ["n" nat (.use "[1]#[0]" equivalence)]
+     ["[0]" i64 (.use "[1]#[0]" equivalence)]]]
+   [meta
+    ["[0]" location]
+    [compiler
+     [target
+      [jvm
+       ["!" bytecode]
+       ["[0]" type]]]
+     [meta
+      ["[0]" archive]]]]
+   [test
+    ["_" property (.only Test)]]]]
+ [\\library
+  ["[0]" / (.only)
+   [///
+    [constant
+     ["[0]" arity]]
+    [//
+     ["[0]" abstract]
+     [///
+      ["[0]" jvm (.only)
+       ["[0]" host]
+       ["[0]" runtime]
+       ["[0]" value]
+       ["[0]" complex
+        ["[1]T" \\test]]
+       [///
+        ["[0]" extension]
+        [//
+         ["[0]" phase]
+         ["[0]" synthesis]
+         ["[0]" translation]]]]]]]]])
+
+(def .public test
+  Test
+  (<| (_.covering /._)
+      (do [! random.monad]
+        [module (random.lower_cased 1)
+
+         expected_i64 random.i64
+         dummy_i64 (random.only (|>> (i64#= expected_i64) not) random.i64)
+
+         .let [extender (is extension.Extender
+                            (function (_ _)
+                              (undefined)))
+               next (jvm.translate extender complexT.lux)
+               @ [module 0 0]]])
+      (all _.and
+           (_.coverage [/.closure /.variables
+                        /.get /.put]
+             (|> (do try.monad
+                   [[_ archive] (archive.reserve "" archive.empty)
+                    [_ archive] (archive.reserve module archive)
+                    .let [[_ host] (io.run! host.host)
+                          state (is runtime.State
+                                    (translation.state host module))]]
+                   (<| (phase.result state)
+                       (do phase.monad
+                         [_ (translation.set_buffer translation.empty_buffer)
+                          it (next archive (<| (synthesis.function/abstraction @)
+                                               [(list) 1]
+                                               (synthesis.function/abstraction @)
+                                               [(list (synthesis.variable/local @ 1)) 1]
+                                               (synthesis.variable/foreign @ 0)))]
+                         (in (|> it
+                                 [{.#None}]
+                                 (of host evaluate)
+                                 (try#each (function (_ it)
+                                             (i64#= expected_i64
+                                                    ((as (-> I64 I64 I64)
+                                                         it)
+                                                     expected_i64
+                                                     dummy_i64))))
+                                 (try.else false))))))
+                 (try.else false)))
+           )))
diff --git a/stdlib/source/test/lux/meta/compiler/target/ruby.lux b/stdlib/source/test/lux/meta/compiler/target/ruby.lux
index f706adfa5..ab02eea80 100644
--- a/stdlib/source/test/lux/meta/compiler/target/ruby.lux
+++ b/stdlib/source/test/lux/meta/compiler/target/ruby.lux
@@ -7,13 +7,14 @@
    ["[0]" ffi]
    [abstract
     [monad (.only do)]
-    ["[0]" predicate]
     ["[0]" equivalence
      ["[1]T" \\test]]]
    [control
     ["[0]" pipe]
     ["[0]" maybe (.use "[1]#[0]" functor)]
-    ["[0]" try (.only Try) (.use "[1]#[0]" functor)]]
+    ["[0]" try (.only Try) (.use "[1]#[0]" functor)]
+    [function
+     ["[0]" predicate]]]
    [data
     ["[0]" bit (.use "[1]#[0]" equivalence)]
     ["[0]" text (.use "[1]#[0]" equivalence)