Improved compilation of loops and pattern-matching for Python.

31 files changed, 1126 insertions, 943 deletions

diff --git a/stdlib/source/lux/control/thread.lux b/stdlib/source/lux/control/thread.lux
index 2aef71e06..7147c2517 100644
--- a/stdlib/source/lux/control/thread.lux
+++ b/stdlib/source/lux/control/thread.lux
@@ -42,8 +42,8 @@
                  "jvm conversion long-to-int")
              (:representation box))
 
-            @.js
-            ("js array read" 0 (:representation box))})))
+            @.js ("js array read" 0 (:representation box))
+            @.python ("python array read" 0 (:representation box))})))
 
   (def: #export (write value box)
     (All [a] (-> a (All [!] (-> (Box ! a) (Thread ! Any)))))
diff --git a/stdlib/source/lux/data/binary.lux b/stdlib/source/lux/data/binary.lux
index e74517756..ccf4f54b4 100644
--- a/stdlib/source/lux/data/binary.lux
+++ b/stdlib/source/lux/data/binary.lux
@@ -120,13 +120,13 @@
         (|> binary
             (: ..Binary)
             (:coerce (array.Array .Frac))
-            ("js array write" idx (n.frac (.nat value)))
+            ("js array write" idx (n.frac (n.% (hex "100") (.nat value))))
             (:coerce ..Binary))
 
         @.python
         (|> binary
             (:coerce (array.Array (I64 Any)))
-            ("python array write" idx (:coerce (I64 Any) (i64.and (hex "FF") value)))
+            ("python array write" idx (:coerce (I64 Any) (n.% (hex "100") (.nat value))))
             (:coerce ..Binary))}))
 
 (def: #export size
@@ -292,7 +292,7 @@
                 @.jvm <jvm>}
                
                ## Default
-               (let [how_many (n.- from to)]
+               (let [how_many (inc (n.- from to))]
                  (..copy how_many from binary 0 (..create how_many)))))
         (exception.throw ..slice_out_of_bounds [size from to]))
       (exception.throw ..inverted_slice [size from to]))))
diff --git a/stdlib/source/lux/data/text.lux b/stdlib/source/lux/data/text.lux
index 031d76a07..0b07b3ae1 100644
--- a/stdlib/source/lux/data/text.lux
+++ b/stdlib/source/lux/data/text.lux
@@ -43,9 +43,9 @@
 
 (def: #export line_feed ..new_line)
 
-(def: #export (size x)
+(def: #export size
   (-> Text Nat)
-  ("lux text size" x))
+  (|>> "lux text size"))
 
 (def: #export (nth idx input)
   (-> Nat Text (Maybe Char))
diff --git a/stdlib/source/lux/host.js.lux b/stdlib/source/lux/host.js.lux
index 2935f9e16..8bfe8cc94 100644
--- a/stdlib/source/lux/host.js.lux
+++ b/stdlib/source/lux/host.js.lux
@@ -21,13 +21,16 @@
     ["." code]
     ["." template]]])
 
-(abstract: #export (Object brand) Any)
+(abstract: #export (Object brand)
+  Any)
 
 (template [<name>]
   [(with_expansions [<brand> (template.identifier [<name> "'"])]
-     (abstract: #export <brand> Any)
-     (type: #export <name>
-       (Object <brand>)))]
+     (abstract: <brand>
+       Any
+       
+       (type: #export <name>
+         (Object <brand>))))]
 
   [Function]
   [Symbol]
@@ -148,16 +151,14 @@
 (def: (without_null g!temp [nullable? outputT] output)
   (-> Code Nullable Code Code)
   (if nullable?
-    (` (: (Maybe (~ outputT))
-          (let [(~ g!temp) (~ output)]
-            (if ("js object null?" (~ g!temp))
-              #.None
-              (#.Some (~ g!temp))))))
-    (` (: (~ outputT)
-          (let [(~ g!temp) (~ output)]
-            (if ("js object null?" (~ g!temp))
-              (.error "Null is an invalid value.")
-              (~ g!temp)))))))
+    (` (let [(~ g!temp) (~ output)]
+         (if ("js object null?" (~ g!temp))
+           #.None
+           (#.Some (~ g!temp)))))
+    (` (let [(~ g!temp) (~ output)]
+         (if (not ("js object null?" (~ g!temp)))
+           (~ g!temp)
+           (.error! "Null is an invalid value."))))))
 
 (type: Import
   (#Class [Text (List Member)])
diff --git a/stdlib/source/lux/host.py.lux b/stdlib/source/lux/host.py.lux
index 5405d65a5..ed67b3705 100644
--- a/stdlib/source/lux/host.py.lux
+++ b/stdlib/source/lux/host.py.lux
@@ -149,16 +149,14 @@
 (def: (without_none g!temp [noneable? outputT] output)
   (-> Code Noneable Code Code)
   (if noneable?
-    (` (: (Maybe (~ outputT))
-          (let [(~ g!temp) (~ output)]
-            (if ("python object none?" (~ g!temp))
-              #.None
-              (#.Some (~ g!temp))))))
-    (` (: (~ outputT)
-          (let [(~ g!temp) (~ output)]
-            (if ("python object none?" (~ g!temp))
-              (.error! "None is an invalid value!")
-              (~ g!temp)))))))
+    (` (let [(~ g!temp) (~ output)]
+         (if ("python object none?" (~ g!temp))
+           #.None
+           (#.Some (~ g!temp)))))
+    (` (let [(~ g!temp) (~ output)]
+         (if (not ("python object none?" (~ g!temp)))
+           (~ g!temp)
+           (.error! "None is an invalid value!"))))))
 
 (type: Import
   (#Class [Text (List Member)])
diff --git a/stdlib/source/lux/locale/language.lux b/stdlib/source/lux/locale/language.lux
index 81b9b1ee3..604363844 100644
--- a/stdlib/source/lux/locale/language.lux
+++ b/stdlib/source/lux/locale/language.lux
@@ -24,531 +24,535 @@
     [code #code]
     )
 
-  (template [<code> <name> <definition> <alias>+]
-    [(def: #export <definition>
-       Language
-       (:abstraction {#name <name>
-                      #code <code>}))
-     (`` (template [<alias>]
-           [(def: #export <alias>
-              Language
-              <definition>)]
-
-           (~~ (template.splice <alias>+))))]
-
-    ["mis" "uncoded languages" uncoded []]
-    ["mul" "multiple languages" multiple []]
-    ["und" "undetermined" undetermined []]
-    ["zxx" "no linguistic content; not applicable" not_applicable []]
-
-    ["aar" "Afar" afar []]
-    ["abk" "Abkhazian" abkhazian []]
-    ["ace" "Achinese" achinese []]
-    ["ach" "Acoli" acoli []]
-    ["ada" "Adangme" adangme []]
-    ["ady" "Adyghe; Adygei" adyghe []]
-    ["afa" "Afro-Asiatic languages" afro_asiatic []]
-    ["afh" "Afrihili" afrihili []]
-    ["afr" "Afrikaans" afrikaans []]
-    ["ain" "Ainu" ainu []]
-    ["aka" "Akan" akan []]
-    ["akk" "Akkadian" akkadian []]
-    ["ale" "Aleut" aleut []]
-    ["alg" "Algonquian languages" algonquian []]
-    ["alt" "Southern Altai" southern_altai []]
-    ["amh" "Amharic" amharic []]
-    ["ang" "Old English (ca.450–1100)" old_english []]
-    ["anp" "Angika" angika []]
-    ["apa" "Apache languages" apache []]
-    ["ara" "Arabic" arabic []]
-    ["arc" "Official Aramaic (700–300 BCE); Imperial Aramaic (700–300 BCE)" official_aramaic [[imperial_aramaic]]]
-    ["arg" "Aragonese" aragonese []]
-    ["arn" "Mapudungun; Mapuche" mapudungun []]
-    ["arp" "Arapaho" arapaho []]
-    ["art" "Artificial languages" artificial []]
-    ["arw" "Arawak" arawak []]
-    ["asm" "Assamese" assamese []]
-    ["ast" "Asturian; Bable; Leonese; Asturleonese" asturian [[bable] [leonese] [asturleonese]]]
-    ["ath" "Athapascan languages" athapascan []]
-    ["aus" "Australian languages" australian []]
-    ["ava" "Avaric" avaric []]
-    ["ave" "Avestan" avestan []]
-    ["awa" "Awadhi" awadhi []]
-    ["aym" "Aymara" aymara []]
-    ["aze" "Azerbaijani" azerbaijani []]
+  (template [<bundle>]
+    [(with_expansions [<bundle>' (template.splice <bundle>)]
+       (template [<code> <name> <definition> <alias>+]
+         [(def: #export <definition>
+            Language
+            (:abstraction {#name <name>
+                           #code <code>}))
+          (`` (template [<alias>]
+                [(def: #export <alias>
+                   Language
+                   <definition>)]
+
+                (~~ (template.splice <alias>+))))]
+
+         <bundle>'
+         ))]
+
+    [[["mis" "uncoded languages" uncoded []]
+      ["mul" "multiple languages" multiple []]
+      ["und" "undetermined" undetermined []]
+      ["zxx" "no linguistic content; not applicable" not_applicable []]]]
+
+    [[["aar" "Afar" afar []]
+      ["abk" "Abkhazian" abkhazian []]
+      ["ace" "Achinese" achinese []]
+      ["ach" "Acoli" acoli []]
+      ["ada" "Adangme" adangme []]
+      ["ady" "Adyghe; Adygei" adyghe []]
+      ["afa" "Afro-Asiatic languages" afro_asiatic []]
+      ["afh" "Afrihili" afrihili []]
+      ["afr" "Afrikaans" afrikaans []]
+      ["ain" "Ainu" ainu []]
+      ["aka" "Akan" akan []]
+      ["akk" "Akkadian" akkadian []]
+      ["ale" "Aleut" aleut []]
+      ["alg" "Algonquian languages" algonquian []]
+      ["alt" "Southern Altai" southern_altai []]
+      ["amh" "Amharic" amharic []]
+      ["ang" "Old English (ca.450–1100)" old_english []]
+      ["anp" "Angika" angika []]
+      ["apa" "Apache languages" apache []]
+      ["ara" "Arabic" arabic []]
+      ["arc" "Official Aramaic (700–300 BCE); Imperial Aramaic (700–300 BCE)" official_aramaic [[imperial_aramaic]]]
+      ["arg" "Aragonese" aragonese []]
+      ["arn" "Mapudungun; Mapuche" mapudungun []]
+      ["arp" "Arapaho" arapaho []]
+      ["art" "Artificial languages" artificial []]
+      ["arw" "Arawak" arawak []]
+      ["asm" "Assamese" assamese []]
+      ["ast" "Asturian; Bable; Leonese; Asturleonese" asturian [[bable] [leonese] [asturleonese]]]
+      ["ath" "Athapascan languages" athapascan []]
+      ["aus" "Australian languages" australian []]
+      ["ava" "Avaric" avaric []]
+      ["ave" "Avestan" avestan []]
+      ["awa" "Awadhi" awadhi []]
+      ["aym" "Aymara" aymara []]
+      ["aze" "Azerbaijani" azerbaijani []]]]
     
-    ["bad" "Banda languages" banda []]
-    ["bai" "Bamileke languages" bamileke []]
-    ["bak" "Bashkir" bashkir []]
-    ["bal" "Baluchi" baluchi []]
-    ["bam" "Bambara" bambara []]
-    ["ban" "Balinese" balinese []]
-    ["bas" "Basa" basa []]
-    ["bat" "Baltic languages" baltic []]
-    ["bej" "Beja; Bedawiyet" beja []]
-    ["bel" "Belarusian" belarusian []]
-    ["bem" "Bemba" bemba []]
-    ["ben" "Bengali" bengali []]
-    ["ber" "Berber languages" berber []]
-    ["bho" "Bhojpuri" bhojpuri []]
-    ["bih" "Bihari languages" bihari []]
-    ["bik" "Bikol" bikol []]
-    ["bin" "Bini; Edo" bini [[edo]]]
-    ["bis" "Bislama" bislama []]
-    ["bla" "Siksika" siksika []]
-    ["bnt" "Bantu languages" bantu []]
-    ["bod" "Tibetan" tibetan []]
-    ["bos" "Bosnian" bosnian []]
-    ["bra" "Braj" braj []]
-    ["bre" "Breton" breton []]
-    ["btk" "Batak languages" batak []]
-    ["bua" "Buriat" buriat []]
-    ["bug" "Buginese" buginese []]
-    ["bul" "Bulgarian" bulgarian []]
-    ["byn" "Blin; Bilin" blin [[bilin]]]
-
-    ["cad" "Caddo" caddo []]
-    ["cai" "Central American Indian languages" central_american_indian []]
-    ["car" "Galibi Carib" galibi_carib []]
-    ["cat" "Catalan; Valencian" catalan [[valencian]]]
-    ["cau" "Caucasian languages" caucasian []]
-    ["ceb" "Cebuano" cebuano []]
-    ["cel" "Celtic languages" celtic []]
-    ["ces" "Czech" czech []]
-    ["cha" "Chamorro" chamorro []]
-    ["chb" "Chibcha" chibcha []]
-    ["che" "Chechen" chechen []]
-    ["chg" "Chagatai" chagatai []]
-    ["chk" "Chuukese" chuukese []]
-    ["chm" "Mari" mari []]
-    ["chn" "Chinook jargon" chinook []]
-    ["cho" "Choctaw" choctaw []]
-    ["chp" "Chipewyan; Dene Suline" chipewyan []]
-    ["chr" "Cherokee" cherokee []]
-    ["chu" "Church Slavic; Old Slavonic; Church Slavonic; Old Bulgarian; Old Church Slavonic" church_slavic [[old_slavonic] [church_slavonic] [old_bulgarian] [old_church_slavonic]]]
-    ["chv" "Chuvash" chuvash []]
-    ["chy" "Cheyenne" cheyenne []]
-    ["cmc" "Chamic languages" chamic []]
-    ["cnr" "Montenegrin" montenegrin []]
-    ["cop" "Coptic" coptic []]
-    ["cor" "Cornish" cornish []]
-    ["cos" "Corsican" corsican []]
-    ["cpe" "Creoles and pidgins, English based" creoles_and_pidgins/english []]
-    ["cpf" "Creoles and pidgins, French-based" creoles_and_pidgins/french []]
-    ["cpp" "Creoles and pidgins, Portuguese-based" creoles_and_pidgins/portuguese []]
-    ["cre" "Cree" cree []]
-    ["crh" "Crimean Tatar; Crimean Turkish" crimean []]
-    ["crp" "Creoles and pidgins" creoles_and_pidgins []]
-    ["csb" "Kashubian" kashubian []]
-    ["cus" "Cushitic languages" cushitic []]
-    ["cym" "Welsh" welsh []]
+    [[["bad" "Banda languages" banda []]
+      ["bai" "Bamileke languages" bamileke []]
+      ["bak" "Bashkir" bashkir []]
+      ["bal" "Baluchi" baluchi []]
+      ["bam" "Bambara" bambara []]
+      ["ban" "Balinese" balinese []]
+      ["bas" "Basa" basa []]
+      ["bat" "Baltic languages" baltic []]
+      ["bej" "Beja; Bedawiyet" beja []]
+      ["bel" "Belarusian" belarusian []]
+      ["bem" "Bemba" bemba []]
+      ["ben" "Bengali" bengali []]
+      ["ber" "Berber languages" berber []]
+      ["bho" "Bhojpuri" bhojpuri []]
+      ["bih" "Bihari languages" bihari []]
+      ["bik" "Bikol" bikol []]
+      ["bin" "Bini; Edo" bini [[edo]]]
+      ["bis" "Bislama" bislama []]
+      ["bla" "Siksika" siksika []]
+      ["bnt" "Bantu languages" bantu []]
+      ["bod" "Tibetan" tibetan []]
+      ["bos" "Bosnian" bosnian []]
+      ["bra" "Braj" braj []]
+      ["bre" "Breton" breton []]
+      ["btk" "Batak languages" batak []]
+      ["bua" "Buriat" buriat []]
+      ["bug" "Buginese" buginese []]
+      ["bul" "Bulgarian" bulgarian []]
+      ["byn" "Blin; Bilin" blin [[bilin]]]]]
+
+    [[["cad" "Caddo" caddo []]
+      ["cai" "Central American Indian languages" central_american_indian []]
+      ["car" "Galibi Carib" galibi_carib []]
+      ["cat" "Catalan; Valencian" catalan [[valencian]]]
+      ["cau" "Caucasian languages" caucasian []]
+      ["ceb" "Cebuano" cebuano []]
+      ["cel" "Celtic languages" celtic []]
+      ["ces" "Czech" czech []]
+      ["cha" "Chamorro" chamorro []]
+      ["chb" "Chibcha" chibcha []]
+      ["che" "Chechen" chechen []]
+      ["chg" "Chagatai" chagatai []]
+      ["chk" "Chuukese" chuukese []]
+      ["chm" "Mari" mari []]
+      ["chn" "Chinook jargon" chinook []]
+      ["cho" "Choctaw" choctaw []]
+      ["chp" "Chipewyan; Dene Suline" chipewyan []]
+      ["chr" "Cherokee" cherokee []]
+      ["chu" "Church Slavic; Old Slavonic; Church Slavonic; Old Bulgarian; Old Church Slavonic" church_slavic [[old_slavonic] [church_slavonic] [old_bulgarian] [old_church_slavonic]]]
+      ["chv" "Chuvash" chuvash []]
+      ["chy" "Cheyenne" cheyenne []]
+      ["cmc" "Chamic languages" chamic []]
+      ["cnr" "Montenegrin" montenegrin []]
+      ["cop" "Coptic" coptic []]
+      ["cor" "Cornish" cornish []]
+      ["cos" "Corsican" corsican []]
+      ["cpe" "Creoles and pidgins, English based" creoles_and_pidgins/english []]
+      ["cpf" "Creoles and pidgins, French-based" creoles_and_pidgins/french []]
+      ["cpp" "Creoles and pidgins, Portuguese-based" creoles_and_pidgins/portuguese []]
+      ["cre" "Cree" cree []]
+      ["crh" "Crimean Tatar; Crimean Turkish" crimean []]
+      ["crp" "Creoles and pidgins" creoles_and_pidgins []]
+      ["csb" "Kashubian" kashubian []]
+      ["cus" "Cushitic languages" cushitic []]
+      ["cym" "Welsh" welsh []]]]
     
-    ["dak" "Dakota" dakota []]
-    ["dan" "Danish" danish []]
-    ["dar" "Dargwa" dargwa []]
-    ["day" "Land Dayak languages" land_dayak []]
-    ["del" "Delaware" delaware []]
-    ["den" "Slave (Athapascan)" slavey []]
-    ["deu" "German" german []]
-    ["dgr" "Dogrib" dogrib []]
-    ["din" "Dinka" dinka []]
-    ["div" "Divehi; Dhivehi; Maldivian" dhivehi [[maldivian]]]
-    ["doi" "Dogri" dogri []]
-    ["dra" "Dravidian languages" dravidian []]
-    ["dsb" "Lower Sorbian" lower_sorbian []]
-    ["dua" "Duala" duala []]
-    ["dum" "Middle Dutch (ca. 1050–1350)" middle_dutch []]
-    ["dyu" "Dyula" dyula []]
-    ["dzo" "Dzongkha" dzongkha []]
-
-    ["efi" "Efik" efik []]
-    ["egy" "Ancient Egyptian" egyptian []]
-    ["eka" "Ekajuk" ekajuk []]
-    ["ell" "Modern Greek (1453–)" greek []]
-    ["elx" "Elamite" elamite []]
-    ["eng" "English" english []]
-    ["enm" "Middle English (1100–1500)" middle_english []]
-    ["epo" "Esperanto" esperanto []]
-    ["est" "Estonian" estonian []]
-    ["eus" "Basque" basque []]
-    ["ewe" "Ewe" ewe []]
-    ["ewo" "Ewondo" ewondo []]
-
-    ["fan" "Fang" fang []]
-    ["fao" "Faroese" faroese []]
-    ["fas" "Persian" persian []]
-    ["fat" "Fanti" fanti []]
-    ["fij" "Fijian" fijian []]
-    ["fil" "Filipino; Pilipino" filipino []]
-    ["fin" "Finnish" finnish []]
-    ["fiu" "Finno-Ugrian languages" finno_ugrian []]
-    ["fon" "Fon" fon []]
-    ["fra" "French" french []]
-    ["frm" "Middle French (ca. 1400–1600)" middle_french []]
-    ["fro" "Old French (ca. 842–1400)" old_french []]
-    ["frr" "Northern Frisian" northern_frisian []]
-    ["frs" "Eastern Frisian" eastern_frisian []]
-    ["fry" "Western Frisian" western_frisian []]
-    ["ful" "Fulah" fulah []]
-    ["fur" "Friulian" friulian []]
-
-    ["gaa" "Ga" ga []]
-    ["gay" "Gayo" gayo []]
-    ["gba" "Gbaya" gbaya []]
-    ["gem" "Germanic languages" germanic []]
-    ["gez" "Geez" geez []]
-    ["gil" "Gilbertese" gilbertese []]
-    ["gla" "Gaelic; Scottish Gaelic" gaelic []]
-    ["gle" "Irish" irish []]
-    ["glg" "Galician" galician []]
-    ["glv" "Manx" manx []]
-    ["gmh" "Middle High German (ca. 1050–1500)" middle_high_german []]
-    ["goh" "Old High German (ca. 750–1050)" old_high_german []]
-    ["gon" "Gondi" gondi []]
-    ["gor" "Gorontalo" gorontalo []]
-    ["got" "Gothic" gothic []]
-    ["grb" "Grebo" grebo []]
-    ["grc" "Ancient Greek (to 1453)" ancient_greek []]
-    ["grn" "Guarani" guarani []]
-    ["gsw" "Swiss German; Alemannic; Alsatian" swiss_german [[alemannic] [alsatian]]]
-    ["guj" "Gujarati" gujarati []]
-    ["gwi" "Gwich'in" gwich'in []]
-
-    ["hai" "Haida" haida []]
-    ["hat" "Haitian; Haitian Creole" haitian []]
-    ["hau" "Hausa" hausa []]
-    ["haw" "Hawaiian" hawaiian []]
-    ["heb" "Hebrew" hebrew []]
-    ["her" "Herero" herero []]
-    ["hil" "Hiligaynon" hiligaynon []]
-    ["him" "Himachali languages; Pahari languages" himachali []]
-    ["hin" "Hindi" hindi []]
-    ["hit" "Hittite" hittite []]
-    ["hmn" "Hmong; Mong" hmong []]
-    ["hmo" "Hiri Motu" hiri_motu []]
-    ["hrv" "Croatian" croatian []]
-    ["hsb" "Upper Sorbian" upper_sorbian []]
-    ["hun" "Hungarian" hungarian []]
-    ["hup" "Hupa" hupa []]
-    ["hye" "Armenian" armenian []]
-
-    ["iba" "Iban" iban []]
-    ["ibo" "Igbo" igbo []]
-    ["ido" "Ido" ido []]
-    ["iii" "Sichuan Yi; Nuosu" sichuan_yi [[nuosu]]]
-    ["ijo" "Ijo languages" ijo []]
-    ["iku" "Inuktitut" inuktitut []]
-    ["ile" "Interlingue; Occidental" interlingue []]
-    ["ilo" "Iloko" iloko []]
-    ["ina" "Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association)" interlingua []]
-    ["inc" "Indic languages" indic []]
-    ["ind" "Indonesian" indonesian []]
-    ["ine" "Indo-European languages" indo_european []]
-    ["inh" "Ingush" ingush []]
-    ["ipk" "Inupiaq" inupiaq []]
-    ["ira" "Iranian languages" iranian []]
-    ["iro" "Iroquoian languages" iroquoian []]
-    ["isl" "Icelandic" icelandic []]
-    ["ita" "Italian" italian []]
-
-    ["jav" "Javanese" javanese []]
-    ["jbo" "Lojban" lojban []]
-    ["jpn" "Japanese" japanese []]
-    ["jpr" "Judeo-Persian" judeo_persian []]
-    ["jrb" "Judeo-Arabic" judeo_arabic []]
-
-    ["kaa" "Kara-Kalpak" kara_kalpak []]
-    ["kab" "Kabyle" kabyle []]
-    ["kac" "Kachin; Jingpho" kachin [[jingpho]]]
-    ["kal" "Kalaallisut; Greenlandic" kalaallisut [[greenlandic]]]
-    ["kam" "Kamba" kamba []]
-    ["kan" "Kannada" kannada []]
-    ["kar" "Karen languages" karen []]
-    ["kas" "Kashmiri" kashmiri []]
-    ["kat" "Georgian" georgian []]
-    ["kau" "Kanuri" kanuri []]
-    ["kaw" "Kawi" kawi []]
-    ["kaz" "Kazakh" kazakh []]
-    ["kbd" "Kabardian" kabardian []]
-    ["kha" "Khasi" khasi []]
-    ["khi" "Khoisan languages" khoisan []]
-    ["khm" "Central Khmer" central_khmer []]
-    ["kho" "Khotanese; Sakan" khotanese [[sakan]]]
-    ["kik" "Kikuyu; Gikuyu" gikuyu []]
-    ["kin" "Kinyarwanda" kinyarwanda []]
-    ["kir" "Kirghiz; Kyrgyz" kyrgyz []]
-    ["kmb" "Kimbundu" kimbundu []]
-    ["kok" "Konkani" konkani []]
-    ["kom" "Komi" komi []]
-    ["kon" "Kongo" kongo []]
-    ["kor" "Korean" korean []]
-    ["kos" "Kosraean" kosraean []]
-    ["kpe" "Kpelle" kpelle []]
-    ["krc" "Karachay-Balkar" karachay_balkar []]
-    ["krl" "Karelian" karelian []]
-    ["kro" "Kru languages" kru []]
-    ["kru" "Kurukh" kurukh []]
-    ["kua" "Kuanyama; Kwanyama" kwanyama []]
-    ["kum" "Kumyk" kumyk []]
-    ["kur" "Kurdish" kurdish []]
-    ["kut" "Kutenai" kutenai []]
-
-    ["lad" "Ladino" ladino []]
-    ["lah" "Lahnda" lahnda []]
-    ["lam" "Lamba" lamba []]
-    ["lao" "Lao" lao []]
-    ["lat" "Latin" latin []]
-    ["lav" "Latvian" latvian []]
-    ["lez" "Lezghian" lezghian []]
-    ["lim" "Limburgan; Limburger; Limburgish" limburgan []]
-    ["lin" "Lingala" lingala []]
-    ["lit" "Lithuanian" lithuanian []]
-    ["lol" "Mongo" mongo []]
-    ["loz" "Lozi" lozi []]
-    ["ltz" "Luxembourgish; Letzeburgesch" luxembourgish []]
-    ["lua" "Luba-Lulua" luba_lulua []]
-    ["lub" "Luba-Katanga" luba_katanga []]
-    ["lug" "Ganda" ganda []]
-    ["lui" "Luiseno" luiseno []]
-    ["lun" "Lunda" lunda []]
-    ["luo" "Luo (Kenya and Tanzania)" luo []]
-    ["lus" "Lushai" lushai []]
-
-    ["mad" "Madurese" madurese []]
-    ["mag" "Magahi" magahi []]
-    ["mah" "Marshallese" marshallese []]
-    ["mai" "Maithili" maithili []]
-    ["mak" "Makasar" makasar []]
-    ["mal" "Malayalam" malayalam []]
-    ["man" "Mandingo" mandingo []]
-    ["map" "Austronesian languages" austronesian []]
-    ["mar" "Marathi" marathi []]
-    ["mas" "Masai" masai []]
-    ["mdf" "Moksha" moksha []]
-    ["mdr" "Mandar" mandar []]
-    ["men" "Mende" mende []]
-    ["mga" "Middle Irish (900–1200)" middle_irish []]
-    ["mic" "Mi'kmaq; Micmac" mi'kmaq [[micmac]]]
-    ["min" "Minangkabau" minangkabau []]
-    ["mkd" "Macedonian" macedonian []]
-    ["mkh" "Mon-Khmer languages" mon_khmer []]
-    ["mlg" "Malagasy" malagasy []]
-    ["mlt" "Maltese" maltese []]
-    ["mnc" "Manchu" manchu []]
-    ["mni" "Manipuri" manipuri []]
-    ["mno" "Manobo languages" manobo []]
-    ["moh" "Mohawk" mohawk []]
-    ["mon" "Mongolian" mongolian []]
-    ["mos" "Mossi" mossi []]
-    ["mri" "Maori" maori []]
-    ["msa" "Malay" malay []]
-    ["mun" "Munda languages" munda []]
-    ["mus" "Creek" creek []]
-    ["mwl" "Mirandese" mirandese []]
-    ["mwr" "Marwari" marwari []]
-    ["mya" "Burmese" burmese []]
-    ["myn" "Mayan languages" mayan []]
-    ["myv" "Erzya" erzya []]
-
-    ["nah" "Nahuatl languages" nahuatl []]
-    ["nai" "North American Indian languages" north_american_indian []]
-    ["nap" "Neapolitan" neapolitan []]
-    ["nau" "Nauru" nauru []]
-    ["nav" "Navajo; Navaho" navajo []]
-    ["nbl" "South Ndebele" south_ndebele []]
-    ["nde" "North Ndebele" north_ndebele []]
-    ["ndo" "Ndonga" ndonga []]
-    ["nds" "Low German; Low Saxon" low_german []]
-    ["nep" "Nepali" nepali []]
-    ["new" "Nepal Bhasa; Newari" newari [[nepal_bhasa]]]
-    ["nia" "Nias" nias []]
-    ["nic" "Niger-Kordofanian languages" niger_kordofanian []]
-    ["niu" "Niuean" niuean []]
-    ["nld" "Dutch; Flemish" dutch [[flemish]]]
-    ["nno" "Norwegian Nynorsk" nynorsk []]
-    ["nob" "Norwegian Bokmål" bokmal []]
-    ["nog" "Nogai" nogai []]
-    ["non" "Old Norse" old_norse []]
-    ["nor" "Norwegian" norwegian []]
-    ["nqo" "N'Ko" n'ko []]
-    ["nso" "Pedi; Sepedi; Northern Sotho" northern_sotho [[pedi] [sepedi]]]
-    ["nub" "Nubian languages" nubian []]
-    ["nwc" "Classical Newari; Old Newari; Classical Nepal Bhasa" old_newari [[classical_newari] [classical_nepal_bhasa]]]
-    ["nya" "Chichewa; Chewa; Nyanja" nyanja [[chichewa] [chewa]]]
-    ["nym" "Nyamwezi" nyamwezi []]
-    ["nyn" "Nyankole" nyankole []]
-    ["nyo" "Nyoro" nyoro []]
-    ["nzi" "Nzima" nzima []]
-
-    ["oci" "Occitan (post 1500); Provençal" occitan [[provencal]]]
-    ["oji" "Ojibwa" ojibwa []]
-    ["ori" "Oriya" oriya []]
-    ["orm" "Oromo" oromo []]
-    ["osa" "Osage" osage []]
-    ["oss" "Ossetian; Ossetic" ossetic []]
-    ["ota" "Ottoman Turkish (1500–1928)" ottoman_turkish []]
-    ["oto" "Otomian languages" otomian []]
-
-    ["paa" "Papuan languages" papuan []]
-    ["pag" "Pangasinan" pangasinan []]
-    ["pal" "Pahlavi" pahlavi []]
-    ["pam" "Pampanga; Kapampangan" pampanga [[kapampangan]]]
-    ["pan" "Panjabi; Punjabi" punjabi []]
-    ["pap" "Papiamento" papiamento []]
-    ["pau" "Palauan" palauan []]
-    ["peo" "Old Persian (ca. 600–400 B.C.)" old_persian []]
-    ["phi" "Philippine languages" philippine []]
-    ["phn" "Phoenician" phoenician []]
-    ["pli" "Pali" pali []]
-    ["pol" "Polish" polish []]
-    ["pon" "Pohnpeian" pohnpeian []]
-    ["por" "Portuguese" portuguese []]
-    ["pra" "Prakrit languages" prakrit []]
-    ["pro" "Old Provençal (to 1500); Old Occitan (to 1500)" old_provencal []]
-    ["pus" "Pushto; Pashto" pashto []]
-
-    ["que" "Quechua" quechua []]
-
-    ["raj" "Rajasthani" rajasthani []]
-    ["rap" "Rapanui" rapanui []]
-    ["rar" "Rarotongan; Cook Islands Maori" rarotongan [[cook_islands_maori]]]
-    ["roa" "Romance languages" romance []]
-    ["roh" "Romansh" romansh []]
-    ["rom" "Romany" romany []]
-    ["ron" "Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan" romanian [[moldavian] [moldovan]]]
-    ["run" "Rundi" rundi []]
-    ["rup" "Aromanian; Arumanian; Macedo-Romanian" aromanian [[arumanian] [macedo_romanian]]]
-    ["rus" "Russian" russian []]
-
-    ["sad" "Sandawe" sandawe []]
-    ["sag" "Sango" sango []]
-    ["sah" "Yakut" yakut []]
-    ["sai" "South American Indian (Other)" south_american_indian []]
-    ["sal" "Salishan languages" salishan []]
-    ["sam" "Samaritan Aramaic" samaritan_aramaic []]
-    ["san" "Sanskrit" sanskrit []]
-    ["sas" "Sasak" sasak []]
-    ["sat" "Santali" santali []]
-    ["scn" "Sicilian" sicilian []]
-    ["sco" "Scots" scots []]
-    ["sel" "Selkup" selkup []]
-    ["sem" "Semitic languages" semitic []]
-    ["sga" "Old Irish (to 900)" old_irish []]
-    ["sgn" "Sign Languages" sign []]
-    ["shn" "Shan" shan []]
-    ["sid" "Sidamo" sidamo []]
-    ["sin" "Sinhala; Sinhalese" sinhalese []]
-    ["sio" "Siouan languages" siouan []]
-    ["sit" "Sino-Tibetan languages" sino_tibetan []]
-    ["sla" "Slavic languages" slavic []]
-    ["slk" "Slovak" slovak []]
-    ["slv" "Slovenian" slovenian []]
-    ["sma" "Southern Sami" southern_sami []]
-    ["sme" "Northern Sami" northern_sami []]
-    ["smi" "Sami languages" sami []]
-    ["smj" "Lule Sami" lule []]
-    ["smn" "Inari Sami" inari []]
-    ["smo" "Samoan" samoan []]
-    ["sms" "Skolt Sami" skolt_sami []]
-    ["sna" "Shona" shona []]
-    ["snd" "Sindhi" sindhi []]
-    ["snk" "Soninke" soninke []]
-    ["sog" "Sogdian" sogdian []]
-    ["som" "Somali" somali []]
-    ["son" "Songhai languages" songhai []]
-    ["sot" "Southern Sotho" southern_sotho []]
-    ["spa" "Spanish; Castilian" spanish [[castilian]]]
-    ["sqi" "Albanian" albanian []]
-    ["srd" "Sardinian" sardinian []]
-    ["srn" "Sranan Tongo" sranan_tongo []]
-    ["srp" "Serbian" serbian []]
-    ["srr" "Serer" serer []]
-    ["ssa" "Nilo-Saharan languages" nilo_saharan []]
-    ["ssw" "Swati" swati []]
-    ["suk" "Sukuma" sukuma []]
-    ["sun" "Sundanese" sundanese []]
-    ["sus" "Susu" susu []]
-    ["sux" "Sumerian" sumerian []]
-    ["swa" "Swahili" swahili []]
-    ["swe" "Swedish" swedish []]
-    ["syc" "Classical Syriac" classical_syriac []]
-    ["syr" "Syriac" syriac []]
-
-    ["tah" "Tahitian" tahitian []]
-    ["tai" "Tai languages" tai []]
-    ["tam" "Tamil" tamil []]
-    ["tat" "Tatar" tatar []]
-    ["tel" "Telugu" telugu []]
-    ["tem" "Timne" timne []]
-    ["ter" "Tereno" tereno []]
-    ["tet" "Tetum" tetum []]
-    ["tgk" "Tajik" tajik []]
-    ["tgl" "Tagalog" tagalog []]
-    ["tha" "Thai" thai []]
-    ["tig" "Tigre" tigre []]
-    ["tir" "Tigrinya" tigrinya []]
-    ["tiv" "Tiv" tiv []]
-    ["tkl" "Tokelau" tokelau []]
-    ["tlh" "Klingon; tlhIngan-Hol" klingon []]
-    ["tli" "Tlingit" tlingit []]
-    ["tmh" "Tamashek" tamashek []]
-    ["tog" "Tonga (Nyasa)" tonga []]
-    ["ton" "Tonga (Tonga Islands)" tongan []]
-    ["tpi" "Tok Pisin" tok_pisin []]
-    ["tsi" "Tsimshian" tsimshian []]
-    ["tsn" "Tswana" tswana []]
-    ["tso" "Tsonga" tsonga []]
-    ["tuk" "Turkmen" turkmen []]
-    ["tum" "Tumbuka" tumbuka []]
-    ["tup" "Tupi languages" tupi []]
-    ["tur" "Turkish" turkish []]
-    ["tut" "Altaic languages" altaic []]
-    ["tvl" "Tuvalu" tuvalu []]
-    ["twi" "Twi" twi []]
-    ["tyv" "Tuvinian" tuvinian []]
-
-    ["udm" "Udmurt" udmurt []]
-    ["uga" "Ugaritic" ugaritic []]
-    ["uig" "Uighur; Uyghur" uyghur []]
-    ["ukr" "Ukrainian" ukrainian []]
-    ["umb" "Umbundu" umbundu []]
-    ["urd" "Urdu" urdu []]
-    ["uzb" "Uzbek" uzbek []]
-
-    ["vai" "Vai" vai []]
-    ["ven" "Venda" venda []]
-    ["vie" "Vietnamese" vietnamese []]
-    ["vol" "Volapük" volapük []]
-    ["vot" "Votic" votic []]
-
-    ["wak" "Wakashan languages" wakashan []]
-    ["wal" "Wolaitta; Wolaytta" walamo []]
-    ["war" "Waray" waray []]
-    ["was" "Washo" washo []]
-    ["wen" "Sorbian languages" sorbian []]
-    ["wln" "Walloon" walloon []]
-    ["wol" "Wolof" wolof []]
-
-    ["xal" "Kalmyk; Oirat" kalmyk [[oirat]]]
-    ["xho" "Xhosa" xhosa []]
-
-    ["yao" "Yao" yao []]
-    ["yap" "Yapese" yapese []]
-    ["yid" "Yiddish" yiddish []]
-    ["yor" "Yoruba" yoruba []]
-    ["ypk" "Yupik languages" yupik []]
-
-    ["zap" "Zapotec" zapotec []]
-    ["zbl" "Blissymbols; Blissymbolics; Bliss" blissymbols []]
-    ["zen" "Zenaga" zenaga []]
-    ["zgh" "Standard Moroccan Tamazight" standard_moroccan_tamazight []]
-    ["zha" "Zhuang; Chuang" zhuang []]
-    ["zho" "Chinese" chinese []]
-    ["znd" "Zande languages" zande []]
-    ["zul" "Zulu" zulu []]
-    ["zun" "Zuni" zuni []]
-    ["zza" "Zaza; Dimili; Dimli; Kirdki; Kirmanjki; Zazaki" zaza [[dimili] [dimli] [kirdki] [kirmanjki] [zazaki]]]
-    )
+    [[["dak" "Dakota" dakota []]
+      ["dan" "Danish" danish []]
+      ["dar" "Dargwa" dargwa []]
+      ["day" "Land Dayak languages" land_dayak []]
+      ["del" "Delaware" delaware []]
+      ["den" "Slave (Athapascan)" slavey []]
+      ["deu" "German" german []]
+      ["dgr" "Dogrib" dogrib []]
+      ["din" "Dinka" dinka []]
+      ["div" "Divehi; Dhivehi; Maldivian" dhivehi [[maldivian]]]
+      ["doi" "Dogri" dogri []]
+      ["dra" "Dravidian languages" dravidian []]
+      ["dsb" "Lower Sorbian" lower_sorbian []]
+      ["dua" "Duala" duala []]
+      ["dum" "Middle Dutch (ca. 1050–1350)" middle_dutch []]
+      ["dyu" "Dyula" dyula []]
+      ["dzo" "Dzongkha" dzongkha []]]]
+
+    [[["efi" "Efik" efik []]
+      ["egy" "Ancient Egyptian" egyptian []]
+      ["eka" "Ekajuk" ekajuk []]
+      ["ell" "Modern Greek (1453–)" greek []]
+      ["elx" "Elamite" elamite []]
+      ["eng" "English" english []]
+      ["enm" "Middle English (1100–1500)" middle_english []]
+      ["epo" "Esperanto" esperanto []]
+      ["est" "Estonian" estonian []]
+      ["eus" "Basque" basque []]
+      ["ewe" "Ewe" ewe []]
+      ["ewo" "Ewondo" ewondo []]]]
+
+    [[["fan" "Fang" fang []]
+      ["fao" "Faroese" faroese []]
+      ["fas" "Persian" persian []]
+      ["fat" "Fanti" fanti []]
+      ["fij" "Fijian" fijian []]
+      ["fil" "Filipino; Pilipino" filipino []]
+      ["fin" "Finnish" finnish []]
+      ["fiu" "Finno-Ugrian languages" finno_ugrian []]
+      ["fon" "Fon" fon []]
+      ["fra" "French" french []]
+      ["frm" "Middle French (ca. 1400–1600)" middle_french []]
+      ["fro" "Old French (ca. 842–1400)" old_french []]
+      ["frr" "Northern Frisian" northern_frisian []]
+      ["frs" "Eastern Frisian" eastern_frisian []]
+      ["fry" "Western Frisian" western_frisian []]
+      ["ful" "Fulah" fulah []]
+      ["fur" "Friulian" friulian []]]]
+
+    [[["gaa" "Ga" ga []]
+      ["gay" "Gayo" gayo []]
+      ["gba" "Gbaya" gbaya []]
+      ["gem" "Germanic languages" germanic []]
+      ["gez" "Geez" geez []]
+      ["gil" "Gilbertese" gilbertese []]
+      ["gla" "Gaelic; Scottish Gaelic" gaelic []]
+      ["gle" "Irish" irish []]
+      ["glg" "Galician" galician []]
+      ["glv" "Manx" manx []]
+      ["gmh" "Middle High German (ca. 1050–1500)" middle_high_german []]
+      ["goh" "Old High German (ca. 750–1050)" old_high_german []]
+      ["gon" "Gondi" gondi []]
+      ["gor" "Gorontalo" gorontalo []]
+      ["got" "Gothic" gothic []]
+      ["grb" "Grebo" grebo []]
+      ["grc" "Ancient Greek (to 1453)" ancient_greek []]
+      ["grn" "Guarani" guarani []]
+      ["gsw" "Swiss German; Alemannic; Alsatian" swiss_german [[alemannic] [alsatian]]]
+      ["guj" "Gujarati" gujarati []]
+      ["gwi" "Gwich'in" gwich'in []]]]
+
+    [[["hai" "Haida" haida []]
+      ["hat" "Haitian; Haitian Creole" haitian []]
+      ["hau" "Hausa" hausa []]
+      ["haw" "Hawaiian" hawaiian []]
+      ["heb" "Hebrew" hebrew []]
+      ["her" "Herero" herero []]
+      ["hil" "Hiligaynon" hiligaynon []]
+      ["him" "Himachali languages; Pahari languages" himachali []]
+      ["hin" "Hindi" hindi []]
+      ["hit" "Hittite" hittite []]
+      ["hmn" "Hmong; Mong" hmong []]
+      ["hmo" "Hiri Motu" hiri_motu []]
+      ["hrv" "Croatian" croatian []]
+      ["hsb" "Upper Sorbian" upper_sorbian []]
+      ["hun" "Hungarian" hungarian []]
+      ["hup" "Hupa" hupa []]
+      ["hye" "Armenian" armenian []]]]
+
+    [[["iba" "Iban" iban []]
+      ["ibo" "Igbo" igbo []]
+      ["ido" "Ido" ido []]
+      ["iii" "Sichuan Yi; Nuosu" sichuan_yi [[nuosu]]]
+      ["ijo" "Ijo languages" ijo []]
+      ["iku" "Inuktitut" inuktitut []]
+      ["ile" "Interlingue; Occidental" interlingue []]
+      ["ilo" "Iloko" iloko []]
+      ["ina" "Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association)" interlingua []]
+      ["inc" "Indic languages" indic []]
+      ["ind" "Indonesian" indonesian []]
+      ["ine" "Indo-European languages" indo_european []]
+      ["inh" "Ingush" ingush []]
+      ["ipk" "Inupiaq" inupiaq []]
+      ["ira" "Iranian languages" iranian []]
+      ["iro" "Iroquoian languages" iroquoian []]
+      ["isl" "Icelandic" icelandic []]
+      ["ita" "Italian" italian []]]]
+
+    [[["jav" "Javanese" javanese []]
+      ["jbo" "Lojban" lojban []]
+      ["jpn" "Japanese" japanese []]
+      ["jpr" "Judeo-Persian" judeo_persian []]
+      ["jrb" "Judeo-Arabic" judeo_arabic []]]]
+
+    [[["kaa" "Kara-Kalpak" kara_kalpak []]
+      ["kab" "Kabyle" kabyle []]
+      ["kac" "Kachin; Jingpho" kachin [[jingpho]]]
+      ["kal" "Kalaallisut; Greenlandic" kalaallisut [[greenlandic]]]
+      ["kam" "Kamba" kamba []]
+      ["kan" "Kannada" kannada []]
+      ["kar" "Karen languages" karen []]
+      ["kas" "Kashmiri" kashmiri []]
+      ["kat" "Georgian" georgian []]
+      ["kau" "Kanuri" kanuri []]
+      ["kaw" "Kawi" kawi []]
+      ["kaz" "Kazakh" kazakh []]
+      ["kbd" "Kabardian" kabardian []]
+      ["kha" "Khasi" khasi []]
+      ["khi" "Khoisan languages" khoisan []]
+      ["khm" "Central Khmer" central_khmer []]
+      ["kho" "Khotanese; Sakan" khotanese [[sakan]]]
+      ["kik" "Kikuyu; Gikuyu" gikuyu []]
+      ["kin" "Kinyarwanda" kinyarwanda []]
+      ["kir" "Kirghiz; Kyrgyz" kyrgyz []]
+      ["kmb" "Kimbundu" kimbundu []]
+      ["kok" "Konkani" konkani []]
+      ["kom" "Komi" komi []]
+      ["kon" "Kongo" kongo []]
+      ["kor" "Korean" korean []]
+      ["kos" "Kosraean" kosraean []]
+      ["kpe" "Kpelle" kpelle []]
+      ["krc" "Karachay-Balkar" karachay_balkar []]
+      ["krl" "Karelian" karelian []]
+      ["kro" "Kru languages" kru []]
+      ["kru" "Kurukh" kurukh []]
+      ["kua" "Kuanyama; Kwanyama" kwanyama []]
+      ["kum" "Kumyk" kumyk []]
+      ["kur" "Kurdish" kurdish []]
+      ["kut" "Kutenai" kutenai []]]]
+
+    [[["lad" "Ladino" ladino []]
+      ["lah" "Lahnda" lahnda []]
+      ["lam" "Lamba" lamba []]
+      ["lao" "Lao" lao []]
+      ["lat" "Latin" latin []]
+      ["lav" "Latvian" latvian []]
+      ["lez" "Lezghian" lezghian []]
+      ["lim" "Limburgan; Limburger; Limburgish" limburgan []]
+      ["lin" "Lingala" lingala []]
+      ["lit" "Lithuanian" lithuanian []]
+      ["lol" "Mongo" mongo []]
+      ["loz" "Lozi" lozi []]
+      ["ltz" "Luxembourgish; Letzeburgesch" luxembourgish []]
+      ["lua" "Luba-Lulua" luba_lulua []]
+      ["lub" "Luba-Katanga" luba_katanga []]
+      ["lug" "Ganda" ganda []]
+      ["lui" "Luiseno" luiseno []]
+      ["lun" "Lunda" lunda []]
+      ["luo" "Luo (Kenya and Tanzania)" luo []]
+      ["lus" "Lushai" lushai []]]]
+
+    [[["mad" "Madurese" madurese []]
+      ["mag" "Magahi" magahi []]
+      ["mah" "Marshallese" marshallese []]
+      ["mai" "Maithili" maithili []]
+      ["mak" "Makasar" makasar []]
+      ["mal" "Malayalam" malayalam []]
+      ["man" "Mandingo" mandingo []]
+      ["map" "Austronesian languages" austronesian []]
+      ["mar" "Marathi" marathi []]
+      ["mas" "Masai" masai []]
+      ["mdf" "Moksha" moksha []]
+      ["mdr" "Mandar" mandar []]
+      ["men" "Mende" mende []]
+      ["mga" "Middle Irish (900–1200)" middle_irish []]
+      ["mic" "Mi'kmaq; Micmac" mi'kmaq [[micmac]]]
+      ["min" "Minangkabau" minangkabau []]
+      ["mkd" "Macedonian" macedonian []]
+      ["mkh" "Mon-Khmer languages" mon_khmer []]
+      ["mlg" "Malagasy" malagasy []]
+      ["mlt" "Maltese" maltese []]
+      ["mnc" "Manchu" manchu []]
+      ["mni" "Manipuri" manipuri []]
+      ["mno" "Manobo languages" manobo []]
+      ["moh" "Mohawk" mohawk []]
+      ["mon" "Mongolian" mongolian []]
+      ["mos" "Mossi" mossi []]
+      ["mri" "Maori" maori []]
+      ["msa" "Malay" malay []]
+      ["mun" "Munda languages" munda []]
+      ["mus" "Creek" creek []]
+      ["mwl" "Mirandese" mirandese []]
+      ["mwr" "Marwari" marwari []]
+      ["mya" "Burmese" burmese []]
+      ["myn" "Mayan languages" mayan []]
+      ["myv" "Erzya" erzya []]]]
+
+    [[["nah" "Nahuatl languages" nahuatl []]
+      ["nai" "North American Indian languages" north_american_indian []]
+      ["nap" "Neapolitan" neapolitan []]
+      ["nau" "Nauru" nauru []]
+      ["nav" "Navajo; Navaho" navajo []]
+      ["nbl" "South Ndebele" south_ndebele []]
+      ["nde" "North Ndebele" north_ndebele []]
+      ["ndo" "Ndonga" ndonga []]
+      ["nds" "Low German; Low Saxon" low_german []]
+      ["nep" "Nepali" nepali []]
+      ["new" "Nepal Bhasa; Newari" newari [[nepal_bhasa]]]
+      ["nia" "Nias" nias []]
+      ["nic" "Niger-Kordofanian languages" niger_kordofanian []]
+      ["niu" "Niuean" niuean []]
+      ["nld" "Dutch; Flemish" dutch [[flemish]]]
+      ["nno" "Norwegian Nynorsk" nynorsk []]
+      ["nob" "Norwegian Bokmål" bokmal []]
+      ["nog" "Nogai" nogai []]
+      ["non" "Old Norse" old_norse []]
+      ["nor" "Norwegian" norwegian []]
+      ["nqo" "N'Ko" n'ko []]
+      ["nso" "Pedi; Sepedi; Northern Sotho" northern_sotho [[pedi] [sepedi]]]
+      ["nub" "Nubian languages" nubian []]
+      ["nwc" "Classical Newari; Old Newari; Classical Nepal Bhasa" old_newari [[classical_newari] [classical_nepal_bhasa]]]
+      ["nya" "Chichewa; Chewa; Nyanja" nyanja [[chichewa] [chewa]]]
+      ["nym" "Nyamwezi" nyamwezi []]
+      ["nyn" "Nyankole" nyankole []]
+      ["nyo" "Nyoro" nyoro []]
+      ["nzi" "Nzima" nzima []]]]
+
+    [[["oci" "Occitan (post 1500); Provençal" occitan [[provencal]]]
+      ["oji" "Ojibwa" ojibwa []]
+      ["ori" "Oriya" oriya []]
+      ["orm" "Oromo" oromo []]
+      ["osa" "Osage" osage []]
+      ["oss" "Ossetian; Ossetic" ossetic []]
+      ["ota" "Ottoman Turkish (1500–1928)" ottoman_turkish []]
+      ["oto" "Otomian languages" otomian []]]]
+
+    [[["paa" "Papuan languages" papuan []]
+      ["pag" "Pangasinan" pangasinan []]
+      ["pal" "Pahlavi" pahlavi []]
+      ["pam" "Pampanga; Kapampangan" pampanga [[kapampangan]]]
+      ["pan" "Panjabi; Punjabi" punjabi []]
+      ["pap" "Papiamento" papiamento []]
+      ["pau" "Palauan" palauan []]
+      ["peo" "Old Persian (ca. 600–400 B.C.)" old_persian []]
+      ["phi" "Philippine languages" philippine []]
+      ["phn" "Phoenician" phoenician []]
+      ["pli" "Pali" pali []]
+      ["pol" "Polish" polish []]
+      ["pon" "Pohnpeian" pohnpeian []]
+      ["por" "Portuguese" portuguese []]
+      ["pra" "Prakrit languages" prakrit []]
+      ["pro" "Old Provençal (to 1500); Old Occitan (to 1500)" old_provencal []]
+      ["pus" "Pushto; Pashto" pashto []]]]
+
+    [[["que" "Quechua" quechua []]]]
+
+    [[["raj" "Rajasthani" rajasthani []]
+      ["rap" "Rapanui" rapanui []]
+      ["rar" "Rarotongan; Cook Islands Maori" rarotongan [[cook_islands_maori]]]
+      ["roa" "Romance languages" romance []]
+      ["roh" "Romansh" romansh []]
+      ["rom" "Romany" romany []]
+      ["ron" "Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan" romanian [[moldavian] [moldovan]]]
+      ["run" "Rundi" rundi []]
+      ["rup" "Aromanian; Arumanian; Macedo-Romanian" aromanian [[arumanian] [macedo_romanian]]]
+      ["rus" "Russian" russian []]]]
+
+    [[["sad" "Sandawe" sandawe []]
+      ["sag" "Sango" sango []]
+      ["sah" "Yakut" yakut []]
+      ["sai" "South American Indian (Other)" south_american_indian []]
+      ["sal" "Salishan languages" salishan []]
+      ["sam" "Samaritan Aramaic" samaritan_aramaic []]
+      ["san" "Sanskrit" sanskrit []]
+      ["sas" "Sasak" sasak []]
+      ["sat" "Santali" santali []]
+      ["scn" "Sicilian" sicilian []]
+      ["sco" "Scots" scots []]
+      ["sel" "Selkup" selkup []]
+      ["sem" "Semitic languages" semitic []]
+      ["sga" "Old Irish (to 900)" old_irish []]
+      ["sgn" "Sign Languages" sign []]
+      ["shn" "Shan" shan []]
+      ["sid" "Sidamo" sidamo []]
+      ["sin" "Sinhala; Sinhalese" sinhalese []]
+      ["sio" "Siouan languages" siouan []]
+      ["sit" "Sino-Tibetan languages" sino_tibetan []]
+      ["sla" "Slavic languages" slavic []]
+      ["slk" "Slovak" slovak []]
+      ["slv" "Slovenian" slovenian []]
+      ["sma" "Southern Sami" southern_sami []]
+      ["sme" "Northern Sami" northern_sami []]
+      ["smi" "Sami languages" sami []]
+      ["smj" "Lule Sami" lule []]
+      ["smn" "Inari Sami" inari []]
+      ["smo" "Samoan" samoan []]
+      ["sms" "Skolt Sami" skolt_sami []]
+      ["sna" "Shona" shona []]
+      ["snd" "Sindhi" sindhi []]
+      ["snk" "Soninke" soninke []]
+      ["sog" "Sogdian" sogdian []]
+      ["som" "Somali" somali []]
+      ["son" "Songhai languages" songhai []]
+      ["sot" "Southern Sotho" southern_sotho []]
+      ["spa" "Spanish; Castilian" spanish [[castilian]]]
+      ["sqi" "Albanian" albanian []]
+      ["srd" "Sardinian" sardinian []]
+      ["srn" "Sranan Tongo" sranan_tongo []]
+      ["srp" "Serbian" serbian []]
+      ["srr" "Serer" serer []]
+      ["ssa" "Nilo-Saharan languages" nilo_saharan []]
+      ["ssw" "Swati" swati []]
+      ["suk" "Sukuma" sukuma []]
+      ["sun" "Sundanese" sundanese []]
+      ["sus" "Susu" susu []]
+      ["sux" "Sumerian" sumerian []]
+      ["swa" "Swahili" swahili []]
+      ["swe" "Swedish" swedish []]
+      ["syc" "Classical Syriac" classical_syriac []]
+      ["syr" "Syriac" syriac []]]]
+
+    [[["tah" "Tahitian" tahitian []]
+      ["tai" "Tai languages" tai []]
+      ["tam" "Tamil" tamil []]
+      ["tat" "Tatar" tatar []]
+      ["tel" "Telugu" telugu []]
+      ["tem" "Timne" timne []]
+      ["ter" "Tereno" tereno []]
+      ["tet" "Tetum" tetum []]
+      ["tgk" "Tajik" tajik []]
+      ["tgl" "Tagalog" tagalog []]
+      ["tha" "Thai" thai []]
+      ["tig" "Tigre" tigre []]
+      ["tir" "Tigrinya" tigrinya []]
+      ["tiv" "Tiv" tiv []]
+      ["tkl" "Tokelau" tokelau []]
+      ["tlh" "Klingon; tlhIngan-Hol" klingon []]
+      ["tli" "Tlingit" tlingit []]
+      ["tmh" "Tamashek" tamashek []]
+      ["tog" "Tonga (Nyasa)" tonga []]
+      ["ton" "Tonga (Tonga Islands)" tongan []]
+      ["tpi" "Tok Pisin" tok_pisin []]
+      ["tsi" "Tsimshian" tsimshian []]
+      ["tsn" "Tswana" tswana []]
+      ["tso" "Tsonga" tsonga []]
+      ["tuk" "Turkmen" turkmen []]
+      ["tum" "Tumbuka" tumbuka []]
+      ["tup" "Tupi languages" tupi []]
+      ["tur" "Turkish" turkish []]
+      ["tut" "Altaic languages" altaic []]
+      ["tvl" "Tuvalu" tuvalu []]
+      ["twi" "Twi" twi []]
+      ["tyv" "Tuvinian" tuvinian []]]]
+
+    [[["udm" "Udmurt" udmurt []]
+      ["uga" "Ugaritic" ugaritic []]
+      ["uig" "Uighur; Uyghur" uyghur []]
+      ["ukr" "Ukrainian" ukrainian []]
+      ["umb" "Umbundu" umbundu []]
+      ["urd" "Urdu" urdu []]
+      ["uzb" "Uzbek" uzbek []]]]
+
+    [[["vai" "Vai" vai []]
+      ["ven" "Venda" venda []]
+      ["vie" "Vietnamese" vietnamese []]
+      ["vol" "Volapük" volapük []]
+      ["vot" "Votic" votic []]]]
+
+    [[["wak" "Wakashan languages" wakashan []]
+      ["wal" "Wolaitta; Wolaytta" walamo []]
+      ["war" "Waray" waray []]
+      ["was" "Washo" washo []]
+      ["wen" "Sorbian languages" sorbian []]
+      ["wln" "Walloon" walloon []]
+      ["wol" "Wolof" wolof []]]]
+
+    [[["xal" "Kalmyk; Oirat" kalmyk [[oirat]]]
+      ["xho" "Xhosa" xhosa []]]]
+
+    [[["yao" "Yao" yao []]
+      ["yap" "Yapese" yapese []]
+      ["yid" "Yiddish" yiddish []]
+      ["yor" "Yoruba" yoruba []]
+      ["ypk" "Yupik languages" yupik []]]]
+
+    [[["zap" "Zapotec" zapotec []]
+      ["zbl" "Blissymbols; Blissymbolics; Bliss" blissymbols []]
+      ["zen" "Zenaga" zenaga []]
+      ["zgh" "Standard Moroccan Tamazight" standard_moroccan_tamazight []]
+      ["zha" "Zhuang; Chuang" zhuang []]
+      ["zho" "Chinese" chinese []]
+      ["znd" "Zande languages" zande []]
+      ["zul" "Zulu" zulu []]
+      ["zun" "Zuni" zuni []]
+      ["zza" "Zaza; Dimili; Dimli; Kirdki; Kirmanjki; Zazaki" zaza [[dimili] [dimli] [kirdki] [kirmanjki] [zazaki]]]]])
 
   (structure: #export equivalence
     (Equivalence Language)
diff --git a/stdlib/source/lux/macro.lux b/stdlib/source/lux/macro.lux
index 5a7511349..21caf5bae 100644
--- a/stdlib/source/lux/macro.lux
+++ b/stdlib/source/lux/macro.lux
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@
          (do //.monad
            [location //.location
             output (<func> token)
-            #let [_ ("lux io log" ($_ text\compose (name\encode macro_name) " @ " (location.format location)))
+            #let [_ ("lux io log" ($_ text\compose (name\encode macro_name) " " (location.format location)))
                   _ (list\map (|>> code.format "lux io log")
                               output)
                   _ ("lux io log" "")]]
diff --git a/stdlib/source/lux/target/js.lux b/stdlib/source/lux/target/js.lux
index 89f3ed25a..fb0e8948a 100644
--- a/stdlib/source/lux/target/js.lux
+++ b/stdlib/source/lux/target/js.lux
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
     (|>> :representation))
 
   (template [<type> <brand> <super>+]
-    [(abstract: #export (<brand> brand) Any)
+    [(abstract: (<brand> brand) Any)
      (`` (type: #export <type> (|> Any <brand> (~~ (template.splice <super>+)))))]
     
     [Expression Expression' [Code]]
diff --git a/stdlib/source/lux/target/python.lux b/stdlib/source/lux/target/python.lux
index 700dff481..e38694d08 100644
--- a/stdlib/source/lux/target/python.lux
+++ b/stdlib/source/lux/target/python.lux
@@ -339,18 +339,25 @@
 
   (template [<keyword> <0>]
     [(def: #export <0>
-       Statement
+       (Statement Any)
        (:abstraction <keyword>))]
 
     ["break"    break]
     ["continue" continue]
     )
 
-  (def: #export (while test body!)
-    (-> (Expression Any) (Statement Any) Loop)
+  (def: #export (while test body! else!)
+    (-> (Expression Any) (Statement Any) (Maybe (Statement Any)) Loop)
     (:abstraction
      (format "while " (:representation test) ":"
-             (..nest (:representation body!)))))
+             (..nest (:representation body!))
+             (case else!
+               (#.Some else!)
+               (format text.new_line "else:"
+                       (..nest (:representation else!)))
+               
+               #.None
+               ""))))
 
   (def: #export (for_in var inputs body!)
     (-> SVar (Expression Any) (Statement Any) Loop)
@@ -461,6 +468,8 @@
     ["int"]
     ["len"]
     ["chr"]
+    ["unichr"]
+    ["unicode"]
     ["repr"]
     ["__import__"]
     ["Exception"]]]
diff --git a/stdlib/source/lux/tool/compiler/language/lux/phase/extension/generation/python/common.lux b/stdlib/source/lux/tool/compiler/language/lux/phase/extension/generation/python/common.lux
index 285499f13..90cafc75b 100644
--- a/stdlib/source/lux/tool/compiler/language/lux/phase/extension/generation/python/common.lux
+++ b/stdlib/source/lux/tool/compiler/language/lux/phase/extension/generation/python/common.lux
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@
           (/.install "/" (binary (product.uncurry _.//)))
           (/.install "%" (binary (product.uncurry //runtime.i64//remainder)))
           (/.install "f64" (unary _.float/1))
-          (/.install "char" (unary _.chr/1))
+          (/.install "char" (unary //runtime.i64//char))
           )))
 
 (def: f64_procs
diff --git a/stdlib/source/lux/tool/compiler/language/lux/phase/generation/js/runtime.lux b/stdlib/source/lux/tool/compiler/language/lux/phase/generation/js/runtime.lux
index 5487cc628..9fa7107bb 100644
--- a/stdlib/source/lux/tool/compiler/language/lux/phase/generation/js/runtime.lux
+++ b/stdlib/source/lux/tool/compiler/language/lux/phase/generation/js/runtime.lux
@@ -99,57 +99,46 @@
                                  list.concat))]
                      (~ body)))))))
 
-(def: (runtime_name name)
-  (-> Text [Code Code])
-  (let [identifier (format ..prefix
-                           "_" (%.nat $.version)
-                           "_" (%.nat (text\hash name)))]
-    [(` (_.var (~ (code.text identifier))))
-     (code.local_identifier identifier)]))
-
 (syntax: (runtime: {declaration (<>.or <code>.local_identifier
                                        (<code>.form (<>.and <code>.local_identifier
                                                             (<>.some <code>.local_identifier))))}
            code)
-  (case declaration
-    (#.Left name)
-    (macro.with_gensyms [g!_]
-      (let [[runtime_nameC runtime_nameC!] (..runtime_name name)
-            nameC (code.local_identifier name)]
-        (wrap (list (` (def: (~ runtime_nameC!)
-                         Var
-                         (~ runtime_nameC)))
-
-                    (` (def: #export (~ nameC)
-                         (~ runtime_nameC!)))
-                    
-                    (` (def: (~ (code.local_identifier (format "@" name)))
-                         Statement
-                         (..feature (~ runtime_nameC)
-                                    (function ((~ g!_) (~ nameC))
-                                      (~ code)))))))))
-    
-    (#.Right [name inputs])
-    (macro.with_gensyms [g!_]
-      (let [[runtime_nameC runtime_nameC!] (..runtime_name name)
-            nameC (code.local_identifier name)
-            code_nameC (code.local_identifier (format "@" name))
-            inputsC (list\map code.local_identifier inputs)
-            inputs_typesC (list\map (function.constant (` _.Expression)) inputs)]
-        (wrap (list (` (def: ((~ runtime_nameC!) (~+ inputsC))
-                         (-> (~+ inputs_typesC) Computation)
-                         (_.apply/* (~ runtime_nameC) (list (~+ inputsC)))))
-                    
-                    (` (def: #export (~ nameC)
-                         (~ runtime_nameC!)))
-                    
-                    (` (def: (~ (code.local_identifier (format "@" name)))
-                         Statement
-                         (..feature (~ runtime_nameC)
-                                    (function ((~ g!_) (~ g!_))
-                                      (..with_vars [(~+ inputsC)]
-                                        (_.function (~ g!_) (list (~+ inputsC))
-                                          (~ code)))))))))))))
+  (macro.with_gensyms [g!_ runtime]
+    (let [runtime_name (` (_.var (~ (code.text (%.code runtime)))))]
+      (case declaration
+        (#.Left name)
+        (let [g!name (code.local_identifier name)]
+          (wrap (list (` (def: (~ runtime)
+                           Var
+                           (~ runtime_name)))
+
+                      (` (def: #export (~ g!name)
+                           (~ runtime)))
+                      
+                      (` (def: (~ (code.local_identifier (format "@" name)))
+                           Statement
+                           (..feature (~ runtime_name)
+                                      (function ((~ g!_) (~ g!name))
+                                        (~ code))))))))
+        
+        (#.Right [name inputs])
+        (let [g!name (code.local_identifier name)
+              inputsC (list\map code.local_identifier inputs)
+              inputs_typesC (list\map (function.constant (` _.Expression)) inputs)]
+          (wrap (list (` (def: ((~ runtime) (~+ inputsC))
+                           (-> (~+ inputs_typesC) Computation)
+                           (_.apply/* (~ runtime_name) (list (~+ inputsC)))))
+                      
+                      (` (def: #export (~ g!name)
+                           (~ runtime)))
+                      
+                      (` (def: (~ (code.local_identifier (format "@" name)))
+                           Statement
+                           (..feature (~ runtime_name)
+                                      (function ((~ g!_) (~ g!_))
+                                        (..with_vars [(~+ inputsC)]
+                                          (_.function (~ g!_) (list (~+ inputsC))
+                                            (~ code))))))))))))))
 
 (def: length
   (-> Expression Computation)
@@ -318,7 +307,9 @@
                  (|> i64 (_.the ..i64_low_field) (_.+ i64//2^32)))))
 
 (runtime: (i64//to_number i64)
-  (_.return (|> i64 (_.the ..i64_high_field) (_.* i64//2^32)
+  (_.return (|> i64
+                (_.the ..i64_high_field)
+                (_.* i64//2^32)
                 (_.+ (i64//unsigned_low i64)))))
 
 (runtime: i64//zero
@@ -364,13 +355,21 @@
           (_.define r00 (ll parameter))
 
           (_.define x00 (_.+ l00 r00))
-          (_.define x16 (high_16 x00))
+          
+          (_.define x16 (|> (high_16 x00)
+                            (_.+ l16)
+                            (_.+ r16)))
           (_.set x00 (low_16 x00))
-          (_.set x16 (|> x16 (_.+ l16) (_.+ r16)))
-          (_.define x32 (high_16 x16))
+          
+          (_.define x32 (|> (high_16 x16)
+                            (_.+ l32)
+                            (_.+ r32)))
           (_.set x16 (low_16 x16))
-          (_.set x32 (|> x32 (_.+ l32) (_.+ r32)))
-          (_.define x48 (|> (high_16 x32) (_.+ l48) (_.+ r48) low_16))
+          
+          (_.define x48 (|> (high_16 x32)
+                            (_.+ l48)
+                            (_.+ r48)
+                            low_16))
           (_.set x32 (low_16 x32))
 
           (_.return (..i64 (_.bit_or (up_16 x48) x32)
@@ -394,33 +393,33 @@
                    (_.bit_not (_.the ..i64_low_field value)))))
 
 (runtime: (i64//negate value)
-  (_.if (i64//= i64//min value)
-    (_.return i64//min)
-    (_.return (i64//+ i64//one (i64//not value)))))
+  (_.return (_.? (i64//= i64//min value)
+                 i64//min
+                 (i64//+ i64//one (i64//not value)))))
 
 (runtime: i64//-one
   (i64//negate i64//one))
 
 (runtime: (i64//from_number value)
-  (_.cond (list [(_.not_a_number? value)
-                 (_.return i64//zero)]
-                [(_.<= (_.negate i64//2^63) value)
-                 (_.return i64//min)]
-                [(|> value (_.+ (_.i32 +1)) (_.>= i64//2^63))
-                 (_.return i64//max)]
-                [(|> value (_.< (_.i32 +0)))
-                 (_.return (|> value _.negate i64//from_number i64//negate))])
-          (_.return (..i64 (|> value (_./ i64//2^32) _.to_i32)
-                           (|> value (_.% i64//2^32) _.to_i32)))))
+  (_.return (<| (_.? (_.not_a_number? value)
+                     i64//zero)
+                (_.? (_.<= (_.negate i64//2^63) value)
+                     i64//min)
+                (_.? (|> value (_.+ (_.i32 +1)) (_.>= i64//2^63))
+                     i64//max)
+                (_.? (|> value (_.< (_.i32 +0)))
+                     (|> value _.negate i64//from_number i64//negate))
+                (..i64 (|> value (_./ i64//2^32) _.to_i32)
+                       (|> value (_.% i64//2^32) _.to_i32)))))
 
 (def: (cap_shift! shift)
   (-> Var Statement)
   (_.set shift (|> shift (_.bit_and (_.i32 +63)))))
 
 (def: (no_shift! shift input)
-  (-> Var Var [Expression Statement])
-  [(|> shift (_.= (_.i32 +0)))
-   (_.return input)])
+  (-> Var Var (-> Expression Expression))
+  (_.? (|> shift (_.= (_.i32 +0)))
+       input))
 
 (def: small_shift?
   (-> Var Expression)
@@ -429,43 +428,44 @@
 (runtime: (i64//left_shift input shift)
   ($_ _.then
       (..cap_shift! shift)
-      (_.cond (list (..no_shift! shift input)
-                    [(..small_shift? shift)
-                     (let [high (_.bit_or (|> input (_.the ..i64_high_field) (_.left_shift shift))
-                                          (|> input (_.the ..i64_low_field) (_.logic_right_shift (_.- shift (_.i32 +32)))))
-                           low (|> input (_.the ..i64_low_field) (_.left_shift shift))]
-                       (_.return (..i64 high low)))])
-              (let [high (|> input (_.the ..i64_low_field) (_.left_shift (_.- (_.i32 +32) shift)))]
-                (_.return (..i64 high (_.i32 +0)))))))
+      (_.return (<| (..no_shift! shift input)
+                    (_.? (..small_shift? shift)
+                         (let [high (_.bit_or (|> input (_.the ..i64_high_field) (_.left_shift shift))
+                                              (|> input (_.the ..i64_low_field) (_.logic_right_shift (_.- shift (_.i32 +32)))))
+                               low (|> input (_.the ..i64_low_field) (_.left_shift shift))]
+                           (..i64 high low)))
+                    (let [high (|> input (_.the ..i64_low_field) (_.left_shift (_.- (_.i32 +32) shift)))]
+                      (..i64 high (_.i32 +0)))))
+      ))
 
 (runtime: (i64//arithmetic_right_shift input shift)
   ($_ _.then
       (..cap_shift! shift)
-      (_.cond (list (..no_shift! shift input)
-                    [(..small_shift? shift)
-                     (let [high (|> input (_.the ..i64_high_field) (_.arithmetic_right_shift shift))
-                           low (|> input (_.the ..i64_low_field) (_.logic_right_shift shift)
-                                   (_.bit_or (|> input (_.the ..i64_high_field) (_.left_shift (_.- shift (_.i32 +32))))))]
-                       (_.return (..i64 high low)))])
-              (let [high (_.? (|> input (_.the ..i64_high_field) (_.>= (_.i32 +0)))
-                              (_.i32 +0)
-                              (_.i32 -1))
-                    low (|> input (_.the ..i64_high_field) (_.arithmetic_right_shift (_.- (_.i32 +32) shift)))]
-                (_.return (..i64 high low))))))
+      (_.return (<| (..no_shift! shift input)
+                    (_.? (..small_shift? shift)
+                         (let [high (|> input (_.the ..i64_high_field) (_.arithmetic_right_shift shift))
+                               low (|> input (_.the ..i64_low_field) (_.logic_right_shift shift)
+                                       (_.bit_or (|> input (_.the ..i64_high_field) (_.left_shift (_.- shift (_.i32 +32))))))]
+                           (..i64 high low)))
+                    (let [high (_.? (|> input (_.the ..i64_high_field) (_.>= (_.i32 +0)))
+                                    (_.i32 +0)
+                                    (_.i32 -1))
+                          low (|> input (_.the ..i64_high_field) (_.arithmetic_right_shift (_.- (_.i32 +32) shift)))]
+                      (..i64 high low))))))
 
 (runtime: (i64//right_shift input shift)
   ($_ _.then
       (..cap_shift! shift)
-      (_.cond (list (..no_shift! shift input)
-                    [(..small_shift? shift)
-                     (let [high (|> input (_.the ..i64_high_field) (_.logic_right_shift shift))
-                           low (|> input (_.the ..i64_low_field) (_.logic_right_shift shift)
-                                   (_.bit_or (|> input (_.the ..i64_high_field) (_.left_shift (_.- shift (_.i32 +32))))))]
-                       (_.return (..i64 high low)))]
-                    [(|> shift (_.= (_.i32 +32)))
-                     (_.return (..i64 (_.i32 +0) (|> input (_.the ..i64_high_field))))])
-              (_.return (..i64 (_.i32 +0)
-                               (|> input (_.the ..i64_high_field) (_.logic_right_shift (_.- (_.i32 +32) shift))))))))
+      (_.return (<| (..no_shift! shift input)
+                    (_.? (..small_shift? shift)
+                         (let [high (|> input (_.the ..i64_high_field) (_.logic_right_shift shift))
+                               low (|> input (_.the ..i64_low_field) (_.logic_right_shift shift)
+                                       (_.bit_or (|> input (_.the ..i64_high_field) (_.left_shift (_.- shift (_.i32 +32))))))]
+                           (..i64 high low)))
+                    (_.? (|> shift (_.= (_.i32 +32)))
+                         (..i64 (_.i32 +0) (|> input (_.the ..i64_high_field))))
+                    (..i64 (_.i32 +0)
+                           (|> input (_.the ..i64_high_field) (_.logic_right_shift (_.- (_.i32 +32) shift))))))))
 
 (def: runtime//bit
   Statement
@@ -483,64 +483,67 @@
   (_.return (i64//+ (i64//negate parameter) subject)))
 
 (runtime: (i64//* parameter subject)
-  (let [negative? (|>> (_.the ..i64_high_field) (_.< (_.i32 +0)))]
-    (_.cond (list [(negative? subject)
-                   (_.if (negative? parameter)
-                     ## Both are negative
-                     (_.return (i64//* (i64//negate parameter) (i64//negate subject)))
-                     ## Subject is negative
-                     (_.return (i64//negate (i64//* parameter (i64//negate subject)))))]
-                  [(negative? parameter)
-                   ## Parameter is negative
-                   (_.return (i64//negate (i64//* (i64//negate parameter) subject)))])
-            ## Both are positive
-            (let [up_16 (_.left_shift (_.i32 +16))
-                  high_16 (_.logic_right_shift (_.i32 +16))
-                  low_16 (_.bit_and (_.i32 (.int (hex "FFFF"))))
-                  hh (|>> (_.the ..i64_high_field) high_16)
-                  hl (|>> (_.the ..i64_high_field) low_16)
-                  lh (|>> (_.the ..i64_low_field) high_16)
-                  ll (|>> (_.the ..i64_low_field) low_16)]
-              (with_vars [l48 l32 l16 l00
-                          r48 r32 r16 r00
-                          x48 x32 x16 x00]
-                ($_ _.then
-                    (_.define l48 (hh subject))
-                    (_.define l32 (hl subject))
-                    (_.define l16 (lh subject))
-                    (_.define l00 (ll subject))
-
-                    (_.define r48 (hh parameter))
-                    (_.define r32 (hl parameter))
-                    (_.define r16 (lh parameter))
-                    (_.define r00 (ll parameter))
-
-                    (_.define x00 (_.* l00 r00))
-                    (_.define x16 (high_16 x00))
-                    (_.set x00 (low_16 x00))
-                    
-                    (_.set x16 (|> x16 (_.+ (_.* l16 r00))))
-                    (_.define x32 (high_16 x16)) (_.set x16 (low_16 x16))
-                    (_.set x16 (|> x16 (_.+ (_.* l00 r16))))
-                    (_.set x32 (|> x32 (_.+ (high_16 x16)))) (_.set x16 (low_16 x16))
-
-                    (_.set x32 (|> x32 (_.+ (_.* l32 r00))))
-                    (_.define x48 (high_16 x32)) (_.set x32 (low_16 x32))
-                    (_.set x32 (|> x32 (_.+ (_.* l16 r16))))
-                    (_.set x48 (|> x48 (_.+ (high_16 x32)))) (_.set x32 (low_16 x32))
-                    (_.set x32 (|> x32 (_.+ (_.* l00 r32))))
-                    (_.set x48 (|> x48 (_.+ (high_16 x32)))) (_.set x32 (low_16 x32))
-                    
-                    (_.set x48 (|> x48
-                                   (_.+ (_.* l48 r00))
-                                   (_.+ (_.* l32 r16))
-                                   (_.+ (_.* l16 r32))
-                                   (_.+ (_.* l00 r48))
-                                   low_16))
-
-                    (_.return (..i64 (_.bit_or (up_16 x48) x32)
-                                     (_.bit_or (up_16 x16) x00)))
-                    ))))))
+  (let [up_16 (_.left_shift (_.i32 +16))
+        high_16 (_.logic_right_shift (_.i32 +16))
+        low_16 (_.bit_and (_.i32 (.int (hex "FFFF"))))
+        hh (|>> (_.the ..i64_high_field) high_16)
+        hl (|>> (_.the ..i64_high_field) low_16)
+        lh (|>> (_.the ..i64_low_field) high_16)
+        ll (|>> (_.the ..i64_low_field) low_16)]
+    (with_vars [l48 l32 l16 l00
+                r48 r32 r16 r00
+                x48 x32 x16 x00]
+      ($_ _.then
+          (_.define l48 (hh subject))
+          (_.define l32 (hl subject))
+          (_.define l16 (lh subject))
+          (_.define l00 (ll subject))
+
+          (_.define r48 (hh parameter))
+          (_.define r32 (hl parameter))
+          (_.define r16 (lh parameter))
+          (_.define r00 (ll parameter))
+
+          (_.define x00 (_.* l00 r00))
+          (_.define x16 (high_16 x00))
+          (_.set x00 (low_16 x00))
+          
+          (_.set x16 (|> x16 (_.+ (_.* l16 r00))))
+          (_.define x32 (high_16 x16)) (_.set x16 (low_16 x16))
+          (_.set x16 (|> x16 (_.+ (_.* l00 r16))))
+          (_.set x32 (|> x32 (_.+ (high_16 x16)))) (_.set x16 (low_16 x16))
+
+          (_.set x32 (|> x32 (_.+ (_.* l32 r00))))
+          (_.define x48 (high_16 x32)) (_.set x32 (low_16 x32))
+          (_.set x32 (|> x32 (_.+ (_.* l16 r16))))
+          (_.set x48 (|> x48 (_.+ (high_16 x32)))) (_.set x32 (low_16 x32))
+          (_.set x32 (|> x32 (_.+ (_.* l00 r32))))
+          (_.set x48 (|> x48 (_.+ (high_16 x32)))) (_.set x32 (low_16 x32))
+          
+          (_.set x48 (|> x48
+                         (_.+ (_.* l48 r00))
+                         (_.+ (_.* l32 r16))
+                         (_.+ (_.* l16 r32))
+                         (_.+ (_.* l00 r48))
+                         low_16))
+
+          (_.return (..i64 (_.bit_or (up_16 x48) x32)
+                           (_.bit_or (up_16 x16) x00)))
+          ))))
+
+## (runtime: (i64//* parameter subject)
+##   (let [negative? (|>> (_.the ..i64_high_field) (_.< (_.i32 +0)))]
+##     (_.cond (list [(negative? subject)
+##                    (_.if (negative? parameter)
+##                      ## Both are negative
+##                      (_.return (i64//*' (i64//negate parameter) (i64//negate subject)))
+##                      ## Subject is negative
+##                      (_.return (i64//negate (i64//*' parameter (i64//negate subject)))))]
+##                   [(negative? parameter)
+##                    ## Parameter is negative
+##                    (_.return (i64//negate (i64//*' (i64//negate parameter) subject)))])
+##             ## Both are positive
+##             (_.return (i64//*' parameter subject)))))
 
 (runtime: (i64//< parameter subject)
   (let [negative? (|>> (_.the ..i64_high_field) (_.< (_.i32 +0)))]
@@ -548,16 +551,17 @@
       ($_ _.then
           (_.define -subject? (negative? subject))
           (_.define -parameter? (negative? parameter))
-          (_.cond (list [(_.and -subject? (_.not -parameter?))
-                         (_.return (_.boolean true))]
-                        [(_.and (_.not -subject?) -parameter?)
-                         (_.return (_.boolean false))])
-                  (_.return (negative? (i64//- parameter subject))))))))
+          (_.return (<| (_.? (_.and -subject? (_.not -parameter?))
+                             (_.boolean true))
+                        (_.? (_.and (_.not -subject?) -parameter?)
+                             (_.boolean false))
+                        (negative? (i64//- parameter subject))))
+          ))))
 
 (def: (i64//<= param subject)
   (-> Expression Expression Expression)
-  (_.or (i64//< param subject)
-        (i64//= param subject)))
+  (|> (i64//< param subject)
+      (_.or (i64//= param subject))))
 
 (runtime: (i64/// parameter subject)
   (let [negative? (function (_ value)
@@ -668,6 +672,7 @@
       @i64//to_number
       @i64//from_number
       @i64//-
+      ## @i64//*'
       @i64//*
       @i64//<
       @i64///
@@ -679,9 +684,9 @@
   (with_vars [idx]
     ($_ _.then
         (_.define idx (|> text (_.do "indexOf" (list part (i64//to_number start)))))
-        (_.if (_.= (_.i32 -1) idx)
-          (_.return ..none)
-          (_.return (..some (i64//from_number idx)))))))
+        (_.return (_.? (_.= (_.i32 -1) idx)
+                       ..none
+                       (..some (i64//from_number idx)))))))
 
 (runtime: (text//clip start end text)
   (_.return (|> text (_.do "substring" (list (_.the ..i64_low_field start)
@@ -735,9 +740,9 @@
   (with_vars [temp]
     ($_ _.then
         (_.define temp (_.at field object))
-        (_.if (_.= _.undefined temp)
-          (_.return ..none)
-          (_.return (..some temp))))))
+        (_.return (_.? (_.= _.undefined temp)
+                       ..none
+                       (..some temp))))))
 
 (runtime: (js//set object field input)
   ($_ _.then
diff --git a/stdlib/source/lux/tool/compiler/language/lux/phase/generation/python.lux b/stdlib/source/lux/tool/compiler/language/lux/phase/generation/python.lux
index 4d6000fbc..2de025059 100644
--- a/stdlib/source/lux/tool/compiler/language/lux/phase/generation/python.lux
+++ b/stdlib/source/lux/tool/compiler/language/lux/phase/generation/python.lux
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@
      [#////synthesis.Extension])
 
     (^ (////synthesis.branch/case case))
-    (/case.case! statement expression archive case)
+    (/case.case! false statement expression archive case)
 
     (^ (////synthesis.branch/let let))
     (/case.let! statement expression archive let)
diff --git a/stdlib/source/lux/tool/compiler/language/lux/phase/generation/python/case.lux b/stdlib/source/lux/tool/compiler/language/lux/phase/generation/python/case.lux
index a1ae27d5e..62225bb9c 100644
--- a/stdlib/source/lux/tool/compiler/language/lux/phase/generation/python/case.lux
+++ b/stdlib/source/lux/tool/compiler/language/lux/phase/generation/python/case.lux
@@ -35,6 +35,10 @@
        [meta
         [archive (#+ Archive)]]]]]]])
 
+(def: #export (gensym prefix)
+  (-> Text (Operation SVar))
+  (///////phase\map (|>> %.nat (format prefix) _.var) /////generation.next))
+
 (def: #export register
   (-> Register SVar)
   (|>> (///reference.local //reference.system) :assume))
@@ -147,19 +151,30 @@
   [right_choice (_.string "") inc]
   )
 
-(def: (alternation pre! post!)
-  (-> (Statement Any) (Statement Any) (Statement Any))
-  ($_ _.then
-      (_.while (_.bool true)
-               ($_ _.then
-                   ..save!
-                   pre!))
-      ($_ _.then
-          ..restore!
-          post!)))
-
-(def: (pattern_matching' statement expression archive)
-  (-> Phase! Phase Archive Path (Operation (Statement Any)))
+(def: (alternation in_closure? g!once pre! post!)
+  (-> Bit SVar (Statement Any) (Statement Any) (Statement Any))
+  (.if in_closure?
+    ($_ _.then
+        (_.while (_.bool true)
+                 ($_ _.then
+                     ..save!
+                     pre!)
+                 #.None)
+        ..restore!
+        post!)
+    ($_ _.then
+        (_.set (list g!once) (_.bool true))
+        (_.while g!once
+                 ($_ _.then
+                     (_.set (list g!once) (_.bool false))
+                     ..save!
+                     pre!)
+                 (#.Some _.continue))
+        ..restore!
+        post!)))
+
+(def: (pattern_matching' in_closure? statement expression archive)
+  (-> Bit Phase! Phase Archive Path (Operation (Statement Any)))
   (function (recur pathP)
     (.case pathP
       (^ (/////synthesis.path/then bodyS))
@@ -249,23 +264,38 @@
                                  (..multi_pop! (n.+ 2 extra_pops))
                                  next!))))
 
-      (^template [<tag> <combinator>]
-        [(^ (<tag> preP postP))
-         (do ///////phase.monad
-           [pre! (recur preP)
-            post! (recur postP)]
-           (wrap (<combinator> pre! post!)))])
-      ([/////synthesis.path/seq _.then]
-       [/////synthesis.path/alt ..alternation]))))
-
-(def: (pattern_matching statement expression archive pathP)
-  (-> Phase! Phase Archive Path (Operation (Statement Any)))
+      (^ (/////synthesis.path/seq preP postP))
+      (do ///////phase.monad
+        [pre! (recur preP)
+         post! (recur postP)]
+        (wrap (_.then pre! post!)))
+
+      (^ (/////synthesis.path/alt preP postP))
+      (do ///////phase.monad
+        [pre! (recur preP)
+         post! (recur postP)
+         g!once (..gensym "once")]
+        (wrap (..alternation in_closure? g!once pre! post!))))))
+
+(def: (pattern_matching in_closure? statement expression archive pathP)
+  (-> Bit Phase! Phase Archive Path (Operation (Statement Any)))
   (do ///////phase.monad
-    [pattern_matching! (pattern_matching' statement expression archive pathP)]
-    (wrap ($_ _.then
-              (_.while (_.bool true)
-                       pattern_matching!)
-              (_.raise (_.Exception/1 (_.string case.pattern_matching_error)))))))
+    [pattern_matching! (pattern_matching' in_closure? statement expression archive pathP)
+     g!once (..gensym "once")]
+    (wrap (.if in_closure?
+            ($_ _.then
+                (_.while (_.bool true)
+                         pattern_matching!
+                         #.None)
+                (_.raise (_.Exception/1 (_.string case.pattern_matching_error))))
+            ($_ _.then
+                (_.set (list g!once) (_.bool true))
+                (_.while g!once
+                         ($_ _.then
+                             (_.set (list g!once) (_.bool false))
+                             pattern_matching!)
+                         (#.Some _.continue))
+                (_.raise (_.Exception/1 (_.string case.pattern_matching_error))))))))
 
 (def: #export dependencies
   (-> Path (List SVar))
@@ -280,15 +310,11 @@
                      (#///////variable.Foreign register)
                      (..capture register))))))
 
-(def: #export (gensym prefix)
-  (-> Text (Operation SVar))
-  (///////phase\map (|>> %.nat (format prefix) _.var) /////generation.next))
-
-(def: #export (case! statement expression archive [valueS pathP])
-  (Generator! [Synthesis Path])
+(def: #export (case! in_closure? statement expression archive [valueS pathP])
+  (-> Bit (Generator! [Synthesis Path]))
   (do ///////phase.monad
     [stack_init (expression archive valueS)
-     pattern_matching! (pattern_matching statement expression archive pathP)]
+     pattern_matching! (pattern_matching in_closure? statement expression archive pathP)]
     (wrap ($_ _.then
               (_.set (list @cursor) (_.list (list stack_init)))
               (_.set (list @savepoint) (_.list (list)))
@@ -299,7 +325,7 @@
   (-> Phase! (Generator [Synthesis Path]))
   (do ///////phase.monad
     [[[case_module case_artifact] pattern_matching!] (/////generation.with_new_context archive
-                                                       (case! statement expression archive [valueS pathP]))
+                                                       (case! true statement expression archive [valueS pathP]))
      #let [@case (_.var (///reference.artifact [case_module case_artifact]))
            @dependencies+ (..dependencies (/////synthesis.path/seq (/////synthesis.path/then valueS)
                                                                    pathP))
diff --git a/stdlib/source/lux/tool/compiler/language/lux/phase/generation/python/function.lux b/stdlib/source/lux/tool/compiler/language/lux/phase/generation/python/function.lux
index 8ef3446f5..f2c71eae8 100644
--- a/stdlib/source/lux/tool/compiler/language/lux/phase/generation/python/function.lux
+++ b/stdlib/source/lux/tool/compiler/language/lux/phase/generation/python/function.lux
@@ -68,10 +68,8 @@
 (def: #export (function statement expression archive [environment arity bodyS])
   (-> Phase! (Generator (Abstraction Synthesis)))
   (do {! ///////phase.monad}
-    [@expected_exception (//case.gensym "expected_exception")
-     @actual_exception (//case.gensym "actual_exception")
-     [[function_module function_artifact] body!] (/////generation.with_new_context archive
-                                                   (/////generation.with_anchor [1 @expected_exception]
+    [[[function_module function_artifact] body!] (/////generation.with_new_context archive
+                                                   (/////generation.with_anchor 1
                                                      (statement expression archive bodyS)))
      environment (monad.map ! (expression archive) environment)
      #let [@curried (_.var "curried")
@@ -93,7 +91,7 @@
                  (_.set (list @num_args) (_.len/1 @curried))
                  (_.cond (list [(|> @num_args (_.= arityO))
                                 (<| (_.then initialize!)
-                                    (//loop.set_scope @expected_exception @actual_exception)
+                                    //loop.set_scope
                                     body!)]
                                [(|> @num_args (_.> arityO))
                                 (let [arity_inputs (_.slice (_.int +0) arityO @curried)
diff --git a/stdlib/source/lux/tool/compiler/language/lux/phase/generation/python/loop.lux b/stdlib/source/lux/tool/compiler/language/lux/phase/generation/python/loop.lux
index c330d1f45..83f093001 100644
--- a/stdlib/source/lux/tool/compiler/language/lux/phase/generation/python/loop.lux
+++ b/stdlib/source/lux/tool/compiler/language/lux/phase/generation/python/loop.lux
@@ -40,18 +40,11 @@
       list.reverse
       (list\fold _.then body)))
 
-(def: #export (set_scope @expected_exception @actual_exception body!)
-  (-> SVar SVar (Statement Any) (Statement Any))
-  (let [exception_class (_.var "Exception")]
-    ($_ _.then
-        (_.set (list @expected_exception) (_.apply/* exception_class (list (_.string ""))))
-        (_.while (_.bool true)
-                 (_.try body!
-                        (list {#_.classes (list exception_class)
-                               #_.exception @actual_exception
-                               #_.handler (_.if (_.is @expected_exception @actual_exception)
-                                            _.continue
-                                            (_.raise @actual_exception))}))))))
+(def: #export (set_scope body!)
+  (-> (Statement Any) (Statement Any))
+  (_.while (_.bool true)
+           body!
+           #.None))
 
 (def: #export (scope! statement expression archive [start initsS+ bodyS])
   (Generator! (Scope Synthesis))
@@ -64,12 +57,10 @@
     _
     (do {! ///////phase.monad}
       [initsO+ (monad.map ! (expression archive) initsS+)
-       @expected_exception (//case.gensym "expected_exception")
-       @actual_exception (//case.gensym "actual_exception")
-       body! (/////generation.with_anchor [start @expected_exception]
+       body! (/////generation.with_anchor start
                (statement expression archive bodyS))]
       (wrap (<| (..setup start initsO+)
-                (set_scope @expected_exception @actual_exception)
+                ..set_scope
                 body!)))))
 
 (def: #export (scope statement expression archive [start initsS+ bodyS])
@@ -82,18 +73,16 @@
     ## true loop
     _
     (do {! ///////phase.monad}
-      [@expected_exception (//case.gensym "expected_exception")
-       @actual_exception (//case.gensym "actual_exception")
-       initsO+ (monad.map ! (expression archive) initsS+)
+      [initsO+ (monad.map ! (expression archive) initsS+)
        [[loop_module loop_artifact] body!] (/////generation.with_new_context archive
-                                             (/////generation.with_anchor [start @expected_exception]
+                                             (/////generation.with_anchor start
                                                (statement expression archive bodyS)))
        #let [@loop (_.var (///reference.artifact [loop_module loop_artifact]))
              locals (|> initsS+
                         list.enumeration
                         (list\map (|>> product.left (n.+ start) //case.register)))
              actual_loop (<| (_.def @loop locals)
-                             (set_scope @expected_exception @actual_exception)
+                             ..set_scope
                              body!)
              [directive instantiation] (: [(Statement Any) (Expression Any)]
                                           (case (|> (synthesis.path/then bodyS)
@@ -119,7 +108,7 @@
 (def: #export (recur! statement expression archive argsS+)
   (Generator! (List Synthesis))
   (do {! ///////phase.monad}
-    [[offset @exception] /////generation.anchor
+    [offset /////generation.anchor
      @temp (//case.gensym "lux_recur_values")
      argsO+ (monad.map ! (expression archive) argsS+)
      #let [re_binds (|> argsO+
@@ -129,4 +118,4 @@
     (wrap ($_ _.then
               (_.set (list @temp) (_.list argsO+))
               (..setup offset re_binds
-                       (_.raise @exception))))))
+                       _.continue)))))
diff --git a/stdlib/source/lux/tool/compiler/language/lux/phase/generation/python/runtime.lux b/stdlib/source/lux/tool/compiler/language/lux/phase/generation/python/runtime.lux
index f32712fc2..132ec3c98 100644
--- a/stdlib/source/lux/tool/compiler/language/lux/phase/generation/python/runtime.lux
+++ b/stdlib/source/lux/tool/compiler/language/lux/phase/generation/python/runtime.lux
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
 
 (template [<name> <base>]
   [(type: #export <name>
-     (<base> [Register SVar] (Expression Any) (Statement Any)))]
+     (<base> Register (Expression Any) (Statement Any)))]
 
   [Operation /////generation.Operation]
   [Phase /////generation.Phase]
@@ -214,28 +214,29 @@
                                      (_.set (list tuple) (_.nth last_index_right tuple))))]
   (runtime: (tuple//left lefts tuple)
     (with_vars [last_index_right]
-      (<| (_.while (_.bool true))
-          ($_ _.then
-              (_.set (list last_index_right) (..last_index tuple))
-              (_.if (_.> lefts last_index_right)
-                ## No need for recursion
-                (_.return (_.nth lefts tuple))
-                ## Needs recursion
-                <recur>)))))
+      (_.while (_.bool true)
+               ($_ _.then
+                   (_.set (list last_index_right) (..last_index tuple))
+                   (_.if (_.> lefts last_index_right)
+                     ## No need for recursion
+                     (_.return (_.nth lefts tuple))
+                     ## Needs recursion
+                     <recur>))
+               #.None)))
 
   (runtime: (tuple//right lefts tuple)
     (with_vars [last_index_right right_index]
-      (<| (_.while (_.bool true))
-          ($_ _.then
-              (_.set (list last_index_right) (..last_index tuple))
-              (_.set (list right_index) (_.+ (_.int +1) lefts))
-              (_.cond (list [(_.= last_index_right right_index)
-                             (_.return (_.nth right_index tuple))]
-                            [(_.> last_index_right right_index)
-                             ## Needs recursion.
-                             <recur>])
-                      (_.return (_.slice_from right_index tuple)))
-              )))))
+      (_.while (_.bool true)
+               ($_ _.then
+                   (_.set (list last_index_right) (..last_index tuple))
+                   (_.set (list right_index) (_.+ (_.int +1) lefts))
+                   (_.cond (list [(_.= last_index_right right_index)
+                                  (_.return (_.nth right_index tuple))]
+                                 [(_.> last_index_right right_index)
+                                  ## Needs recursion.
+                                  <recur>])
+                           (_.return (_.slice_from right_index tuple))))
+               #.None))))
 
 (runtime: (sum//get sum wantsLast wantedTag)
   (let [no_match! (_.return _.none)
@@ -321,6 +322,17 @@
   [i64//xor _.bit_xor]
   )
 
+(def: version
+  (Expression Any)
+  (|> (_.__import__/1 (_.unicode "sys"))
+      (_.the "version_info")
+      (_.the "major")))
+
+(runtime: (i64//char value)
+  (_.return (_.? (_.= (_.int +3) ..version)
+                 (_.chr/1 value)
+                 (_.unichr/1 value))))
+
 (def: runtime//i64
   (Statement Any)
   ($_ _.then
@@ -334,6 +346,7 @@
       @i64//and
       @i64//or
       @i64//xor
+      @i64//char
       ))
 
 (runtime: (f64//decode input)
diff --git a/stdlib/source/lux/type.lux b/stdlib/source/lux/type.lux
index 9372cc4e0..ee7140e8b 100644
--- a/stdlib/source/lux/type.lux
+++ b/stdlib/source/lux/type.lux
@@ -415,9 +415,9 @@
   (<c>.record (<>.and <c>.any <c>.any)))
 
 ## TODO: Make sure the generated code always gets optimized away.
-(syntax: #export (:share {type_vars type_parameters}
-                         {exemplar typed}
-                         {computation typed})
+(syntax: #export (:share {type_vars ..type_parameters}
+                         {exemplar ..typed}
+                         {computation ..typed})
   (macro.with_gensyms [g!_]
     (let [shareC (` (: (All [(~+ (list\map code.local_identifier type_vars))]
                          (-> (~ (get@ #type exemplar))
@@ -426,8 +426,8 @@
                          (~ (get@ #expression computation)))))]
       (wrap (list (` ((~ shareC) (~ (get@ #expression exemplar)))))))))
 
-(syntax: #export (:by_example {type_vars type_parameters}
-                              {exemplar typed}
+(syntax: #export (:by_example {type_vars ..type_parameters}
+                              {exemplar ..typed}
                               {extraction <c>.any})
   (wrap (list (` (:of ((~! :share)
                        [(~+ (list\map code.local_identifier type_vars))]
diff --git a/stdlib/source/lux/type/quotient.lux b/stdlib/source/lux/type/quotient.lux
index fd5480bc6..8db23a9a2 100644
--- a/stdlib/source/lux/type/quotient.lux
+++ b/stdlib/source/lux/type/quotient.lux
@@ -1,31 +1,35 @@
 (.module:
   [lux (#- type)
-   [type (#+ :by-example)
+   [abstract
+    [equivalence (#+ Equivalence)]]
+   [macro (#+ with_gensyms)
+    [syntax (#+ syntax:)]]
+   ["." type
     abstract]])
 
-(abstract: #export (Class t c q)
+(abstract: #export (Class t c %)
   (-> t c)
 
   (def: #export class
     (All [t c]
-      (Ex [q]
-        (-> (-> t c) (Class t c q))))
+      (Ex [%]
+        (-> (-> t c) (Class t c %))))
     (|>> :abstraction))
 
-  (abstract: #export (Quotient t c q)
+  (abstract: #export (Quotient t c %)
     {#value t
      #label c}
 
     (def: #export (quotient class value)
-      (All [t c q]
-        (-> (Class t c q) t
-            (Quotient t c q)))
+      (All [t c %]
+        (-> (Class t c %) t
+            (Quotient t c %)))
       (:abstraction {#value value
                      #label ((:representation Class class) value)}))
 
     (template [<name> <output> <slot>]
       [(def: #export <name>
-         (All [t c q] (-> (Quotient t c q) <output>))
+         (All [t c %] (-> (Quotient t c %) <output>))
          (|>> :representation (get@ <slot>)))]
 
       [value t #value]
@@ -34,8 +38,16 @@
     )
   )
 
-(template: #export (type <class>)
-  (:by-example [t c q]
-               {(..Class t c q)
-                <class>}
-               (..Quotient t c q)))
+(syntax: #export (type class)
+  (with_gensyms [g!t g!c g!%]
+    (wrap (list (` ((~! type.:by_example)
+                    [(~ g!t) (~ g!c) (~ g!%)]
+                    {(..Class (~ g!t) (~ g!c) (~ g!%))
+                     (~ class)}
+                    (..Quotient (~ g!t) (~ g!c) (~ g!%))))))))
+
+(structure: #export (equivalence super)
+  (All [t c %] (-> (Equivalence c) (Equivalence (..Quotient t c %))))
+
+  (def: (= reference sample)
+    (\ super = (..label reference) (..label sample))))
diff --git a/stdlib/source/program/aedifex/artifact/snapshot/version/value.lux b/stdlib/source/program/aedifex/artifact/snapshot/version/value.lux
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7356d897c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/stdlib/source/program/aedifex/artifact/snapshot/version/value.lux
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+(.module:
+  [lux #*
+   [abstract
+    [equivalence (#+ Equivalence)]]
+   [data
+    ["." product]
+    ["." text
+     ["%" format]]]]
+  ["." /// (#+ Snapshot)
+   ["#." time]
+   ["#." stamp]])
+
+(type: #export Value
+  {#version Text
+   #snapshot Snapshot})
+
+(def: #export equivalence
+  (Equivalence Value)
+  ($_ product.equivalence
+      text.equivalence
+      ///.equivalence
+      ))
+
+(def: separator
+  "-")
+
+(def: #export snapshot
+  "SNAPSHOT")
+
+(def: #export (format (^slots [#version #snapshot]))
+  (%.Format Value)
+  (case snapshot
+    #///.Local
+    version
+    
+    (#///.Remote stamp)
+    (let [(^slots [#///stamp.time #///stamp.build]) stamp]
+      (%.format (text.replace_all ..snapshot
+                                  (///time.format time)
+                                  version)
+                ..separator
+                (%.nat build)))))
diff --git a/stdlib/source/program/aedifex/artifact/value.lux b/stdlib/source/program/aedifex/artifact/value.lux
deleted file mode 100644
index 3e92dbf16..000000000
--- a/stdlib/source/program/aedifex/artifact/value.lux
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
-(.module:
-  [lux #*
-   [abstract
-    [equivalence (#+ Equivalence)]]
-   [data
-    ["." product]
-    ["." text
-     ["%" format]]
-    [collection
-     ["." list ("#\." functor)]]]
-   [math
-    [number
-     ["." nat]]]
-   [time
-    ["." instant]]]
-  [// (#+ Version)
-   ["." time_stamp (#+ Time_Stamp)]])
-
-(type: #export Build
-  Nat)
-
-(type: #export Value
-  {#version Version
-   #time_stamp Time_Stamp
-   #build Build})
-
-(def: #export equivalence
-  (Equivalence Value)
-  ($_ product.equivalence
-      text.equivalence
-      instant.equivalence
-      nat.equivalence
-      ))
-
-(def: separator
-  "-")
-
-(def: snapshot
-  "SNAPSHOT")
-
-(def: #export (format (^slots [#version #time_stamp #build]))
-  (%.Format Value)
-  (%.format (text.replace_all ..snapshot
-                              (time_stamp.format time_stamp)
-                              version)
-            ..separator
-            (%.nat build)))
diff --git a/stdlib/source/test/aedifex/artifact/snapshot.lux b/stdlib/source/test/aedifex/artifact/snapshot.lux
index 371fde55e..192978ebf 100644
--- a/stdlib/source/test/aedifex/artifact/snapshot.lux
+++ b/stdlib/source/test/aedifex/artifact/snapshot.lux
@@ -16,7 +16,8 @@
    ["#." build]
    ["#." time]
    ["#." stamp]
-   ["#." version]]
+   ["#." version
+    ["#/." value]]]
   {#program
    ["." /]})
 
@@ -47,4 +48,5 @@
                  $/time.test
                  $/stamp.test
                  $/version.test
+                 $/version/value.test
                  ))))
diff --git a/stdlib/source/test/aedifex/artifact/snapshot/version/value.lux b/stdlib/source/test/aedifex/artifact/snapshot/version/value.lux
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..dc3f754a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/stdlib/source/test/aedifex/artifact/snapshot/version/value.lux
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+(.module:
+  [lux #*
+   ["_" test (#+ Test)]
+   [abstract
+    [monad (#+ do)]
+    {[0 #spec]
+     [/
+      ["$." equivalence]]}]
+   [control
+    ["." try ("#\." functor)]
+    [parser
+     ["<.>" text]]]
+   [data
+    ["." text ("#\." equivalence)
+     ["%" format (#+ format)]]]
+   [math
+    ["." random (#+ Random) ("#\." monad)]
+    [number
+     ["n" nat]
+     ["i" int]]]
+   [time
+    ["." instant]]]
+  ["$." /// #_
+   ["#." stamp]]
+  {#program
+   ["." /
+    ["//#" ///
+     ["#." stamp]
+     ["#." time]]]})
+
+(def: #export random
+  (Random /.Value)
+  ($_ random.and
+      (random.ascii/alpha 5)
+      (random.or (random\wrap [])
+                 $///stamp.random)
+      ))
+
+(def: #export test
+  Test
+  (<| (_.covering /._)
+      (_.for [/.Value])
+      ($_ _.and
+          (_.for [/.equivalence]
+                 ($equivalence.spec /.equivalence ..random))
+
+          (do random.monad
+            [sample random
+             stamp $///stamp.random]
+            (let [version (get@ #/.version sample)
+
+                  local!
+                  (text\= version
+                          (/.format (set@ #/.snapshot #///.Local sample)))
+
+                  remote_format (/.format {#/.version (format version /.snapshot)
+                                           #/.snapshot (#///.Remote stamp)})
+                  remote!
+                  (and (text.starts_with? (format version (///time.format (get@ #///stamp.time stamp)))
+                                          remote_format)
+                       (text.ends_with? (%.nat (get@ #///stamp.build stamp))
+                                        remote_format))]
+              (_.cover [/.snapshot /.format]
+                       (and local!
+                            remote!))))
+          )))
diff --git a/stdlib/source/test/aedifex/artifact/value.lux b/stdlib/source/test/aedifex/artifact/value.lux
deleted file mode 100644
index 10e9016b1..000000000
--- a/stdlib/source/test/aedifex/artifact/value.lux
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,38 +0,0 @@
-(.module:
-  [lux #*
-   ["_" test (#+ Test)]
-   [abstract
-    [monad (#+ do)]
-    {[0 #spec]
-     [/
-      ["$." equivalence]]}]
-   [control
-    ["." try ("#\." functor)]
-    [parser
-     ["<.>" text]]]
-   [math
-    ["." random (#+ Random)]
-    [number
-     ["n" nat]
-     ["i" int]]]
-   [time
-    ["." instant]]]
-  {#program
-   ["." /]})
-
-(def: #export random
-  (Random /.Value)
-  ($_ random.and
-      (random.ascii/alpha 5)
-      random.instant
-      random.nat
-      ))
-
-(def: #export test
-  Test
-  (<| (_.covering /._)
-      (_.for [/.Build /.Value])
-      ($_ _.and
-          (_.for [/.equivalence]
-                 ($equivalence.spec /.equivalence ..random))
-          )))
diff --git a/stdlib/source/test/lux/control/concurrency/promise.lux b/stdlib/source/test/lux/control/concurrency/promise.lux
index 7fc3196cd..ee6ad2b43 100644
--- a/stdlib/source/test/lux/control/concurrency/promise.lux
+++ b/stdlib/source/test/lux/control/concurrency/promise.lux
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 (.module:
   [lux #*
    ["_" test (#+ Test)]
+   ["@" target]
    [abstract
     [monad (#+ do)]
     {[0 #spec]
@@ -18,7 +19,8 @@
     ["." random]
     [number
      ["n" nat]
-     ["i" int]]]]
+     ["i" int]
+     ["." i64]]]]
   {1
    ["." /
     [//
@@ -43,11 +45,16 @@
                _
                false))))))
 
+(def: delay
+  (for {@.js
+        (i64.left_shift 4 1)}
+       (i64.left_shift 3 1)))
+
 (def: #export test
   Test
   (<| (_.covering /._)
       (do {! random.monad}
-        [to_wait (|> random.nat (\ ! map (|>> (n.% 10) (n.+ 10))))
+        [to_wait (|> random.nat (\ ! map (|>> (n.% ..delay) (n.+ ..delay))))
          expected random.nat
          dummy random.nat
          #let [not_dummy (|> random.nat (random.filter (|>> (n.= dummy) not)))]
diff --git a/stdlib/source/test/lux/control/concurrency/semaphore.lux b/stdlib/source/test/lux/control/concurrency/semaphore.lux
index 472e21c7d..729e986c2 100644
--- a/stdlib/source/test/lux/control/concurrency/semaphore.lux
+++ b/stdlib/source/test/lux/control/concurrency/semaphore.lux
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 (.module:
   [lux #*
    ["_" test (#+ Test)]
+   ["@" target]
    [abstract
     ["." monad (#+ do)]
     ["." enum]]
@@ -20,12 +21,18 @@
    [math
     ["." random]
     [number
-     ["n" nat]]]
+     ["n" nat]
+     ["." i64]]]
    [type
     ["." refinement]]]
   {1
    ["." /]})
 
+(def: delay
+  (for {@.js
+        (i64.left_shift 4 1)}
+       (i64.left_shift 3 1)))
+
 (def: semaphore
   Test
   (_.for [/.Semaphore]
@@ -34,7 +41,7 @@
                [initial_open_positions (|> random.nat (\ ! map (|>> (n.% 10) (n.max 1))))
                 #let [semaphore (/.semaphore initial_open_positions)]]
                (wrap (do promise.monad
-                       [result (promise.time_out 10 (/.wait semaphore))]
+                       [result (promise.time_out ..delay (/.wait semaphore))]
                        (_.cover' [/.semaphore]
                                  (case result
                                    (#.Some _)
@@ -47,7 +54,7 @@
                 #let [semaphore (/.semaphore initial_open_positions)]]
                (wrap (do {! promise.monad}
                        [_ (monad.map ! /.wait (list.repeat initial_open_positions semaphore))
-                        result (promise.time_out 10 (/.wait semaphore))]
+                        result (promise.time_out ..delay (/.wait semaphore))]
                        (_.cover' [/.wait]
                                  (case result
                                    (#.Some _)
@@ -61,9 +68,9 @@
                (wrap (do {! promise.monad}
                        [_ (monad.map ! /.wait (list.repeat initial_open_positions semaphore))
                         #let [block (/.wait semaphore)]
-                        result/0 (promise.time_out 10 block)
+                        result/0 (promise.time_out ..delay block)
                         open_positions (/.signal semaphore)
-                        result/1 (promise.time_out 10 block)]
+                        result/1 (promise.time_out ..delay block)]
                        (_.cover' [/.signal]
                                  (case [result/0 result/1 open_positions]
                                    [#.None (#.Some _) (#try.Success +0)]
diff --git a/stdlib/source/test/lux/data/binary.lux b/stdlib/source/test/lux/data/binary.lux
index 07c02ea09..89237babc 100644
--- a/stdlib/source/test/lux/data/binary.lux
+++ b/stdlib/source/test/lux/data/binary.lux
@@ -51,14 +51,15 @@
     (#try.Success _)
     false))
 
-(def: (binary_io bytes read write value)
+(def: (binary_io power read write value)
   (-> Nat (-> Nat Binary (Try Nat)) (-> Nat Nat Binary (Try Any)) Nat Bit)
-  (let [binary (/.create bytes)
+  (let [bytes (i64.left_shift power 1)
+        binary (/.create bytes)
         cap (case bytes
               8 (dec 0)
               _ (|> 1 (i64.left_shift (n.* 8 bytes)) dec))
         capped_value (i64.and cap value)]
-    (and (succeed
+    (and (..succeed
           (do try.monad
             [pre (read 0 binary)
              _ (write 0 value binary)
@@ -104,23 +105,23 @@
                    (_.for [/.index_out_of_bounds]
                           ($_ _.and
                               (_.cover [/.read/8 /.write/8]
-                                       (..binary_io 1 /.read/8 /.write/8 value))
+                                       (..binary_io 0 /.read/8 /.write/8 value))
                               (_.cover [/.read/16 /.write/16]
-                                       (..binary_io 2 /.read/16 /.write/16 value))
+                                       (..binary_io 1 /.read/16 /.write/16 value))
                               (_.cover [/.read/32 /.write/32]
-                                       (..binary_io 4 /.read/32 /.write/32 value))
+                                       (..binary_io 2 /.read/32 /.write/32 value))
                               (_.cover [/.read/64 /.write/64]
-                                       (..binary_io 8 /.read/64 /.write/64 value))))
+                                       (..binary_io 3 /.read/64 /.write/64 value))))
                    (_.cover [/.slice]
                             (let [slice_size (|> to (n.- from) inc)
                                   random_slice (try.assume (/.slice from to sample))
                                   idxs (enum.range n.enum 0 (dec slice_size))
                                   reader (function (_ binary idx) (/.read/8 idx binary))]
                               (and (n.= slice_size (/.size random_slice))
-                                   (case [(monad.map try.monad (reader random_slice) idxs)
-                                          (monad.map try.monad (|>> (n.+ from) (reader sample)) idxs)]
-                                     [(#try.Success slice_vals) (#try.Success binary_vals)]
-                                     (\ (list.equivalence n.equivalence) = slice_vals binary_vals)
+                                   (case [(monad.map try.monad (|>> (n.+ from) (reader sample)) idxs)
+                                          (monad.map try.monad (reader random_slice) idxs)]
+                                     [(#try.Success binary_vals) (#try.Success slice_vals)]
+                                     (\ (list.equivalence n.equivalence) = binary_vals slice_vals)
 
                                      _
                                      #0))))
diff --git a/stdlib/source/test/lux/extension.lux b/stdlib/source/test/lux/extension.lux
index 855c6e8bb..d032a47b5 100644
--- a/stdlib/source/test/lux/extension.lux
+++ b/stdlib/source/test/lux/extension.lux
@@ -3,7 +3,8 @@
    ["." debug]
    ["@" target
     ["." jvm]
-    ["." js]]
+    ["." js]
+    ["." python]]
    [abstract
     [monad (#+ do)]]
    [control
@@ -61,8 +62,8 @@
          (wrap (for {@.jvm
                      (row.row (#jvm.Constant (#jvm.LDC (#jvm.String self))))
 
-                     @.js
-                     (js.string self)})))))
+                     @.js (js.string self)
+                     @.python (python.unicode self)})))))
 
 (for {@.old
       (as_is)}
diff --git a/stdlib/source/test/lux/host.py.lux b/stdlib/source/test/lux/host.py.lux
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0b6cac81b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/stdlib/source/test/lux/host.py.lux
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+(.module:
+  [lux #*
+   ["_" test (#+ Test)]
+   [abstract
+    [monad (#+ do)]]
+   [control
+    ["." try]]
+   [data
+    ["." text ("#\." equivalence)]]
+   [math
+    ["." random (#+ Random)]
+    [number
+     ["." nat]
+     ["." frac]]]]
+  {1
+   ["." /]})
+
+(def: #export test
+  Test
+  (do {! random.monad}
+    []
+    (<| (_.covering /._)
+        (_.test "TBD"
+                true))))
diff --git a/stdlib/source/test/lux/math.lux b/stdlib/source/test/lux/math.lux
index a140a736d..403205dad 100644
--- a/stdlib/source/test/lux/math.lux
+++ b/stdlib/source/test/lux/math.lux
@@ -21,7 +21,8 @@
     ["#/." continuous]
     ["#/." fuzzy]]])
 
-(def: margin Frac +0.0000001)
+(def: margin
+  +0.0000001)
 
 (def: (trigonometric_symmetry forward backward angle)
   (-> (-> Frac Frac) (-> Frac Frac) Frac Bit)
diff --git a/stdlib/source/test/lux/type.lux b/stdlib/source/test/lux/type.lux
index 70b13a382..b1d205e4a 100644
--- a/stdlib/source/test/lux/type.lux
+++ b/stdlib/source/test/lux/type.lux
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
    ["#." check]
    ["#." dynamic]
    ["#." implicit]
+   ["#." quotient]
    ["#." resource]])
 
 (def: short
@@ -169,5 +170,6 @@
           /check.test
           /dynamic.test
           /implicit.test
+          /quotient.test
           /resource.test
           )))
diff --git a/stdlib/source/test/lux/type/quotient.lux b/stdlib/source/test/lux/type/quotient.lux
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ef19c6841
--- /dev/null
+++ b/stdlib/source/test/lux/type/quotient.lux
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+(.module:
+  [lux #*
+   ["_" test (#+ Test)]
+   [abstract
+    ["." monad (#+ do)]
+    {[0 #spec]
+     [/
+      ["$." equivalence]]}]
+   [data
+    ["." text ("#\." equivalence)
+     ["%" format (#+ format)]]]
+   [math
+    ["." random (#+ Random)]
+    [number
+     ["n" nat ("#\." equivalence)]]]]
+  {1
+   ["." /]})
+
+(def: #export (random class super)
+  (All [t c %] (-> (/.Class t c %) (Random t) (Random (/.Quotient t c %))))
+  (\ random.monad map (/.quotient class) super))
+
+(def: mod_10_class
+  (/.class (|>> (n.% 10) %.nat)))
+
+(def: Mod_10
+  (/.type ..mod_10_class))
+
+(def: #export test
+  Test
+  (<| (_.covering /._)
+      (do random.monad
+        [modulus (random.filter (n.> 0) random.nat)
+         #let [class (: (-> Nat Text)
+                        (|>> (n.% modulus) %.nat))]
+         value random.nat]
+        ($_ _.and
+            (_.for [/.equivalence]
+                   ($equivalence.spec (/.equivalence text.equivalence)
+                                      (..random (/.class class) random.nat)))
+
+            (_.for [/.Class]
+                   (_.cover [/.class]
+                            (is? (: Any class)
+                                 (: Any (/.class class)))))
+            (_.for [/.Quotient]
+                   ($_ _.and
+                       (_.cover [/.quotient /.value /.label]
+                                (let [quotient (/.quotient (/.class class) value)]
+                                  (and (is? value
+                                            (/.value quotient))
+                                       (text\= (class value)
+                                               (/.label quotient)))))
+                       (_.cover [/.type]
+                                (exec
+                                  (: ..Mod_10
+                                     (/.quotient ..mod_10_class value))
+                                  true))
+                       ))
+            ))))