- Optimized the compiler by eliminating reflection.

15 files changed, 80 insertions, 134 deletions

diff --git a/project.clj b/project.clj
index 408dc63ab..78893a05b 100644
--- a/project.clj
+++ b/project.clj
@@ -5,4 +5,5 @@
             :url "http://www.eclipse.org/legal/epl-v10.html"}
   :dependencies [[org.clojure/clojure "1.6.0"]
                  [org.clojure/core.match "0.2.1"]
-                 [org.ow2.asm/asm-all "5.0.3"]])
+                 [org.ow2.asm/asm-all "5.0.3"]]
+  :warn-on-reflection true)
diff --git a/src/lux/analyser/case.clj b/src/lux/analyser/case.clj
index 2e1dd5278..ea767d11c 100644
--- a/src/lux/analyser/case.clj
+++ b/src/lux/analyser/case.clj
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@
                                       (&&/analyse-1 analyse exo-type body))]
     (return (&/|cons pattern+body patterns))))
 
-(let [compare-kv #(compare (aget %1 0) (aget %2 0))]
+(let [compare-kv #(.compareTo ^String (aget ^objects %1 0) ^String (aget ^objects %2 0))]
   (defn ^:private merge-total [struct test+body]
     (|let [[test ?body] test+body]
       (matchv ::M/objects [struct test]
diff --git a/src/lux/analyser/lux.clj b/src/lux/analyser/lux.clj
index b52b816a7..47c18aded 100644
--- a/src/lux/analyser/lux.clj
+++ b/src/lux/analyser/lux.clj
@@ -235,9 +235,7 @@
                               (&type/set-var ?id ex)))
                         type** (&type/clean $var ?type*)]
                     (return (&/T ?expr* type**)))
-
-                  [_ _]
-                  (assert false (prn-str 'analyse-apply*/output (aget output 0)))))))
+                  ))))
 
           [["lux;LambdaT" [?input-t ?output-t]]]
           ;; (|do [=arg (&&/analyse-1 analyse ?input-t ?arg)]
@@ -264,10 +262,7 @@
               (matchv ::M/objects [$def]
                 [["lux;MacroD" macro]]
                 (|do [macro-expansion #(-> macro (.apply ?args) (.apply %))]
-                  (do ;; (when (or (= "type`" ?name)
-                      ;;           (= "deftype" ?name))
-                      ;;   (prn 'macro-expansion (str ?module ";" ?name) (->> macro-expansion (&/|map &/show-ast) (&/|interpose " ") (&/fold str ""))))
-                    (&/flat-map% (partial analyse exo-type) macro-expansion)))
+                  (&/flat-map% (partial analyse exo-type) macro-expansion))
 
                 [_]
                 (|do [output (analyse-apply* analyse exo-type =fn ?args)]
diff --git a/src/lux/analyser/module.clj b/src/lux/analyser/module.clj
index 921417c17..d2e0a745b 100644
--- a/src/lux/analyser/module.clj
+++ b/src/lux/analyser/module.clj
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@
           [["lux;ValueD" ?type]]
           (do ;; (prn 'declare-macro/?type (aget ?type 0))
             (&/run-state (|do [_ (&type/check &type/Macro ?type)
-                               loader &/loader
+                               ^ClassLoader loader &/loader
                                :let [macro (-> (.loadClass loader (&host/location (&/|list module name)))
                                                (.getField "_datum")
                                                (.get nil))]]
diff --git a/src/lux/base.clj b/src/lux/base.clj
index 4b8045e8c..d06920d6f 100644
--- a/src/lux/base.clj
+++ b/src/lux/base.clj
@@ -40,10 +40,10 @@
 (defn R [& kvs]
   (to-array kvs))
 
-(defn get$ [slot record]
+(defn get$ [slot ^objects record]
   (aget record slot))
 
-(defn set$ [slot value record]
+(defn set$ [slot value ^objects record]
   (let [record* (aclone record)
         size (alength record)]
     (aset record* slot value)
@@ -157,25 +157,14 @@
     (V "lux;Right" (T state value))))
 
 (defn bind [m-value step]
-  (when (not (fn? m-value))
-    (prn 'bind (aget m-value 0)))
-  (when (not (fn? step))
-    (prn 'bind (aget step 0)))
-  ;; (prn 'bind m-value step)
   (fn [state]
     (let [inputs (m-value state)]
       (matchv ::M/objects [inputs]
         [["lux;Right" [?state ?datum]]]
-        (let [next-fn (step ?datum)]
-          (when (not (fn? next-fn))
-            (prn 'bind (aget next-fn 0) (aget next-fn 1)))
-          (next-fn ?state))
+        ((step ?datum) ?state)
         
         [["lux;Left" _]]
         inputs
-
-        ;; [_]
-        ;; (assert false (pr-str 'bind/inputs (aget inputs 0)))
         ))))
 
 (defmacro |do [steps return]
diff --git a/src/lux/compiler.clj b/src/lux/compiler.clj
index 4f8ed727f..9aa734f3c 100644
--- a/src/lux/compiler.clj
+++ b/src/lux/compiler.clj
@@ -176,9 +176,6 @@
           [["jvm-dgt" [?x ?y]]]
           (&&host/compile-jvm-dgt compile-expression ?type ?x ?y)
           
-          [["|do" ?exprs]]
-          (&&host/compile-|do compile-expression ?type ?exprs)
-
           [["jvm-null" _]]
           (&&host/compile-jvm-null compile-expression ?type)
 
@@ -333,7 +330,7 @@
                         (-> (.visitField (+ Opcodes/ACC_PUBLIC Opcodes/ACC_FINAL Opcodes/ACC_STATIC) "_eval" "Ljava/lang/Object;" nil nil)
                             (doto (.visitEnd))))]
          _ (&/with-writer (.visitMethod =class Opcodes/ACC_PUBLIC "<clinit>" "()V" nil nil)
-             (|do [*writer* &/get-writer
+             (|do [^MethodVisitor *writer* &/get-writer
                     :let [_ (.visitCode *writer*)]
                     _ (compile-expression expr)
                     :let [_ (doto *writer*
@@ -346,7 +343,7 @@
                                         .visitEnd))]
          _ (&&/save-class! class-name bytecode)
          loader &/loader]
-    (-> (.loadClass loader class-name)
+    (-> (.loadClass ^ClassLoader loader class-name)
         (.getField "_eval")
         (.get nil)
         return)))
diff --git a/src/lux/compiler/base.clj b/src/lux/compiler/base.clj
index 1023e086e..dd7e0ae13 100644
--- a/src/lux/compiler/base.clj
+++ b/src/lux/compiler/base.clj
@@ -15,14 +15,14 @@
 (def closure-prefix "c")
 (def apply-signature "(Ljava/lang/Object;)Ljava/lang/Object;")
 
-(defn write-file [file data]
+(defn write-file [^String file ^bytes data]
   (with-open [stream (java.io.BufferedOutputStream. (java.io.FileOutputStream. file))]
     (.write stream data)))
 
 (defn write-class [name data]
   (write-file (str "output/" name ".class") data))
 
-(defn load-class! [loader name]
+(defn load-class! [^ClassLoader loader name]
   (.loadClass loader name))
 
 (defn save-class! [name bytecode]
diff --git a/src/lux/compiler/case.clj b/src/lux/compiler/case.clj
index 4e33bd7b1..738d6bc35 100644
--- a/src/lux/compiler/case.clj
+++ b/src/lux/compiler/case.clj
@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@
 (let [+tag-sig+ (&host/->type-signature "java.lang.String")
       +oclass+ (&host/->class "java.lang.Object")
       +equals-sig+ (str "(" (&host/->type-signature "java.lang.Object") ")Z")
-      compare-kv #(compare (aget %1 0) (aget %2 0))]
-  (defn ^:private compile-match [writer ?match $target $else]
+      compare-kv #(.compareTo ^String (aget ^objects %1 0) ^String (aget ^objects %2 0))]
+  (defn ^:private compile-match [^MethodVisitor writer ?match $target $else]
     ;; (prn 'compile-match (aget ?match 0) $target $else)
     (matchv ::M/objects [?match]
       [["StoreTestAC" ?idx]]
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@
     (&/T mappings (&/|reverse patterns*))))
 
 (let [ex-class (&host/->class "java.lang.IllegalStateException")]
-  (defn ^:private compile-pattern-matching [writer compile mappings patterns $end]
+  (defn ^:private compile-pattern-matching [^MethodVisitor writer compile mappings patterns $end]
     ;; (prn 'compile-pattern-matching ?matches $end)
     (let [entries (&/|map (fn [?branch+?body]
                             (|let [[?branch ?body] ?branch+?body
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@
 ;; [Resources]
 (defn compile-case [compile *type* ?value ?matches]
   ;; (prn 'compile-case ?value ?matches)
-  (|do [*writer* &/get-writer
+  (|do [^MethodVisitor *writer* &/get-writer
         :let [$end (new Label)]
         _ (compile ?value)
         _ (|let [[mappings patterns] (separate-bodies ?matches)]
diff --git a/src/lux/compiler/host.clj b/src/lux/compiler/host.clj
index c51714c31..ff5d50e23 100644
--- a/src/lux/compiler/host.clj
+++ b/src/lux/compiler/host.clj
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
                         "float"   [(&host/->class "java.lang.Float")     "floatValue"   "()F"]
                         "double"  [(&host/->class "java.lang.Double")    "doubleValue"  "()D"]
                         "char"    [(&host/->class "java.lang.Character") "charValue"    "()C"]}]
-  (defn ^:private prepare-arg! [*writer* class-name]
+  (defn ^:private prepare-arg! [^MethodVisitor *writer* class-name]
     (if-let [[class method sig] (get class+method+sig class-name)]
       (doto *writer*
         (.visitTypeInsn Opcodes/CHECKCAST class)
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@
       float-class "java.lang.Float"
       double-class "java.lang.Double"
       char-class "java.lang.Character"]
-  (defn prepare-return! [*writer* *type*]
+  (defn prepare-return! [^MethodVisitor *writer* *type*]
     (matchv ::M/objects [*type*]
       [["lux;VariantT" ["lux;Nil" _]]]
       (.visitInsn *writer* Opcodes/ACONST_NULL)
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@
 (do-template [<name> <opcode> <wrapper-class> <value-method> <value-method-sig> <wrapper-method> <wrapper-method-sig>]
   (defn <name> [compile *type* ?x ?y]
     (|do [:let [+wrapper-class+ (&host/->class <wrapper-class>)]
-          *writer* &/get-writer
+          ^MethodVisitor *writer* &/get-writer
           _ (compile ?x)
           :let [_ (doto *writer*
                     (.visitTypeInsn Opcodes/CHECKCAST +wrapper-class+)
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@
 (do-template [<name> <opcode> <wrapper-class> <value-method> <value-method-sig>]
   (defn <name> [compile *type* ?x ?y]
     (|do [:let [+wrapper-class+ (&host/->class <wrapper-class>)]
-          *writer* &/get-writer
+          ^MethodVisitor *writer* &/get-writer
           _ (compile ?x)
           :let [_ (doto *writer*
                     (.visitTypeInsn Opcodes/CHECKCAST +wrapper-class+)
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@
 (do-template [<name> <cmpcode> <ifcode> <wrapper-class> <value-method> <value-method-sig>]
   (defn <name> [compile *type* ?x ?y]
     (|do [:let [+wrapper-class+ (&host/->class <wrapper-class>)]
-          *writer* &/get-writer
+          ^MethodVisitor *writer* &/get-writer
           _ (compile ?x)
           :let [_ (doto *writer*
                     (.visitTypeInsn Opcodes/CHECKCAST +wrapper-class+)
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@
   )
 
 (defn compile-jvm-invokestatic [compile *type* ?class ?method ?classes ?args]
-  (|do [*writer* &/get-writer
+  (|do [^MethodVisitor *writer* &/get-writer
         :let [method-sig (str "(" (reduce str "" (map &host/->type-signature ?classes)) ")" (&host/->java-sig *type*))]
         _ (&/map% (fn [[class-name arg]]
                     (|do [ret (compile arg)
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@
 (do-template [<name> <op>]
   (defn <name> [compile *type* ?class ?method ?classes ?object ?args]
     ;; (prn 'compile-jvm-invokevirtual ?classes *type*)
-    (|do [*writer* &/get-writer
+    (|do [^MethodVisitor *writer* &/get-writer
           :let [method-sig (str "(" (&/fold str "" (&/|map &host/->type-signature ?classes)) ")" (&host/->java-sig *type*))]
           _ (compile ?object)
           :let [_ (.visitTypeInsn *writer* Opcodes/CHECKCAST (&host/->class ?class))]
@@ -220,12 +220,12 @@
   )
 
 (defn compile-jvm-null [compile *type*]
-  (|do [*writer* &/get-writer
+  (|do [^MethodVisitor *writer* &/get-writer
         :let [_ (.visitInsn *writer* Opcodes/ACONST_NULL)]]
     (return nil)))
 
 (defn compile-jvm-null? [compile *type* ?object]
-  (|do [*writer* &/get-writer
+  (|do [^MethodVisitor *writer* &/get-writer
         _ (compile ?object)
         :let [$then (new Label)
               $end (new Label)
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@
     (return nil)))
 
 (defn compile-jvm-new [compile *type* ?class ?classes ?args]
-  (|do [*writer* &/get-writer
+  (|do [^MethodVisitor *writer* &/get-writer
         :let [init-sig (str "(" (reduce str "" (map &host/->type-signature ?classes)) ")V")
               class* (&host/->class ?class)
               _ (doto *writer*
@@ -255,14 +255,14 @@
     (return nil)))
 
 (defn compile-jvm-new-array [compile *type* ?class ?length]
-  (|do [*writer* &/get-writer
+  (|do [^MethodVisitor *writer* &/get-writer
         :let [_ (doto *writer*
                   (.visitLdcInsn (int ?length))
                   (.visitTypeInsn Opcodes/ANEWARRAY (&host/->class ?class)))]]
     (return nil)))
 
 (defn compile-jvm-aastore [compile *type* ?array ?idx ?elem]
-  (|do [*writer* &/get-writer
+  (|do [^MethodVisitor *writer* &/get-writer
         _ (compile ?array)
         :let [_ (doto *writer*
                   (.visitInsn Opcodes/DUP)
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@
     (return nil)))
 
 (defn compile-jvm-aaload [compile *type* ?array ?idx]
-  (|do [*writer* &/get-writer
+  (|do [^MethodVisitor *writer* &/get-writer
         _ (compile ?array)
         :let [_ (doto *writer*
                   (.visitLdcInsn (int ?idx))
@@ -280,25 +280,25 @@
     (return nil)))
 
 (defn compile-jvm-getstatic [compile *type* ?class ?field]
-  (|do [*writer* &/get-writer
+  (|do [^MethodVisitor *writer* &/get-writer
         :let [_ (.visitFieldInsn *writer* Opcodes/GETSTATIC (&host/->class ?class) ?field (&host/->java-sig *type*))]]
     (return nil)))
 
 (defn compile-jvm-getfield [compile *type* ?class ?field ?object]
-  (|do [*writer* &/get-writer
+  (|do [^MethodVisitor *writer* &/get-writer
         _ (compile ?object)
         :let [_ (.visitTypeInsn *writer* Opcodes/CHECKCAST (&host/->class ?class))]
         :let [_ (.visitFieldInsn *writer* Opcodes/GETFIELD (&host/->class ?class) ?field (&host/->java-sig *type*))]]
     (return nil)))
 
 (defn compile-jvm-putstatic [compile *type* ?class ?field ?value]
-  (|do [*writer* &/get-writer
+  (|do [^MethodVisitor *writer* &/get-writer
         _ (compile ?value)
         :let [_ (.visitFieldInsn *writer* Opcodes/PUTSTATIC (&host/->class ?class) ?field (&host/->java-sig *type*))]]
     (return nil)))
 
 (defn compile-jvm-putfield [compile *type* ?class ?field ?object ?value]
-  (|do [*writer* &/get-writer
+  (|do [^MethodVisitor *writer* &/get-writer
         _ (compile ?object)
         _ (compile ?value)
         :let [_ (.visitTypeInsn *writer* Opcodes/CHECKCAST (&host/->class ?class))]
@@ -344,18 +344,8 @@
     ;; (prn 'SAVED_CLASS full-name)
     (&&/save-class! full-name (.toByteArray =interface))))
 
-(defn compile-|do [compile *type* ?exprs]
-  (|do [*writer* &/get-writer
-        _ (&/map% (fn [expr]
-                    (|do [ret (compile expr)
-                          :let [_ (.visitInsn *writer* Opcodes/POP)]]
-                      (return ret)))
-                  (butlast ?exprs))
-        _ (compile (last ?exprs))]
-    (return nil)))
-
 (defn compile-jvm-try [compile *type* ?body ?catches ?finally]
-  (|do [*writer* &/get-writer
+  (|do [^MethodVisitor *writer* &/get-writer
         :let [$from (new Label)
               $to (new Label)
               $end (new Label)
@@ -403,14 +393,14 @@
     (return nil)))
 
 (defn compile-jvm-throw [compile *type* ?ex]
-  (|do [*writer* &/get-writer
+  (|do [^MethodVisitor *writer* &/get-writer
         _ (compile ?ex)
         :let [_ (.visitInsn *writer* Opcodes/ATHROW)]]
     (return nil)))
 
 (do-template [<name> <op>]
   (defn <name> [compile *type* ?monitor]
-    (|do [*writer* &/get-writer
+    (|do [^MethodVisitor *writer* &/get-writer
           _ (compile ?monitor)
           :let [_ (doto *writer*
                     (.visitInsn <op>)
@@ -423,7 +413,7 @@
 
 (do-template [<name> <op> <from-class> <from-method> <from-sig> <to-class> <to-sig>]
   (defn <name> [compile *type* ?value]
-    (|do [*writer* &/get-writer
+    (|do [^MethodVisitor *writer* &/get-writer
           :let [_ (doto *writer*
                     (.visitTypeInsn Opcodes/NEW (&host/->class <to-class>))
                     (.visitInsn Opcodes/DUP))]
@@ -456,7 +446,7 @@
 
 (do-template [<name> <op> <from1-method> <from1-sig> <from1-class> <from2-method> <from2-sig> <from2-class> <to-class> <to-sig>]
   (defn <name> [compile *type* ?x ?y]
-    (|do [*writer* &/get-writer
+    (|do [^MethodVisitor *writer* &/get-writer
           :let [_ (doto *writer*
                     (.visitTypeInsn Opcodes/NEW (&host/->class <to-class>))
                     (.visitInsn Opcodes/DUP))]
@@ -482,12 +472,12 @@
   )
 
 (defn compile-jvm-program [compile *type* ?body]
-  (|do [*writer* &/get-writer]
+  (|do [^ClassWriter *writer* &/get-writer]
     (&/with-writer (doto (.visitMethod *writer* (+ Opcodes/ACC_PUBLIC Opcodes/ACC_STATIC) "main" "([Ljava/lang/String;)V" nil nil)
                      (.visitCode))
       (|do [*writer* &/get-writer
             _ (compile ?body)
-            :let [_ (doto *writer*
+            :let [_ (doto ^MethodVisitor *writer*
                       (.visitInsn Opcodes/POP)
                       (.visitInsn Opcodes/RETURN)
                       (.visitMaxs 0 0)
diff --git a/src/lux/compiler/lambda.clj b/src/lux/compiler/lambda.clj
index 276329a75..962a32ab6 100644
--- a/src/lux/compiler/lambda.clj
+++ b/src/lux/compiler/lambda.clj
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
        <init>-return))
 
 (defn ^:private add-lambda-<init> [class class-name env]
-  (doto (.visitMethod class Opcodes/ACC_PUBLIC "<init>" (lambda-<init>-signature env) nil nil)
+  (doto (.visitMethod ^ClassWriter class Opcodes/ACC_PUBLIC "<init>" (lambda-<init>-signature env) nil nil)
     (.visitCode)
     (.visitVarInsn Opcodes/ALOAD 0)
     (.visitMethodInsn Opcodes/INVOKESPECIAL "java/lang/Object" "<init>" "()V")
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@
     (.visitEnd)))
 
 (defn ^:private add-lambda-apply [class class-name env]
-  (doto (.visitMethod class Opcodes/ACC_PUBLIC "apply" &&/apply-signature nil nil)
+  (doto (.visitMethod ^ClassWriter class Opcodes/ACC_PUBLIC "apply" &&/apply-signature nil nil)
     (.visitCode)
     (.visitVarInsn Opcodes/ALOAD 0)
     (.visitVarInsn Opcodes/ALOAD 1)
@@ -60,9 +60,9 @@
     (.visitEnd)))
 
 (defn ^:private add-lambda-impl [class compile impl-signature impl-body]
-  (&/with-writer (doto (.visitMethod class Opcodes/ACC_PUBLIC "impl" impl-signature nil nil)
+  (&/with-writer (doto (.visitMethod ^ClassWriter class Opcodes/ACC_PUBLIC "impl" impl-signature nil nil)
                    (.visitCode))
-    (|do [*writer* &/get-writer
+    (|do [^MethodVisitor *writer* &/get-writer
           :let [num-locals (&&/total-locals impl-body)
                 $start (new Label)
                 $end (new Label)
@@ -80,28 +80,10 @@
 
 (defn ^:private instance-closure [compile lambda-class closed-over init-signature]
   ;; (prn 'instance-closure lambda-class (&/|length closed-over) init-signature)
-  (|do [*writer* &/get-writer
+  (|do [^MethodVisitor *writer* &/get-writer
         :let [_ (doto *writer*
                   (.visitTypeInsn Opcodes/NEW lambda-class)
-                  (.visitInsn Opcodes/DUP))
-              ;; _ (prn 'closed-over/pre
-              ;;        (&/->seq (&/|map #(matchv ::M/objects [(&/|second %1)]
-              ;;                            [[["captured" [_ ?cid _]] _]]
-              ;;                            ?cid)
-              ;;                         closed-over)))
-              ;; _ (prn 'closed-over/post
-              ;;        (->> closed-over
-              ;;             &/->seq
-              ;;             (sort #(matchv ::M/objects [(&/|second %1) (&/|second %2)]
-              ;;                      [[["captured" [_ ?cid1 _]] _]
-              ;;                       [["captured" [_ ?cid2 _]] _]]
-              ;;                      (< ?cid1 ?cid2)))
-              ;;             &/->list
-              ;;             (&/|map #(matchv ::M/objects [(&/|second %1)]
-              ;;                        [[["captured" [_ ?cid _]] _]]
-              ;;                        ?cid))
-              ;;             &/->seq))
-              ]
+                  (.visitInsn Opcodes/DUP))]
         _ (->> closed-over
                &/->seq
                (sort #(matchv ::M/objects [(&/|second %1) (&/|second %2)]
@@ -112,16 +94,7 @@
                (&/map% (fn [?name+?captured]
                          (matchv ::M/objects [?name+?captured]
                            [[?name [["captured" [_ _ ?source]] _]]]
-                           (do ;; (prn '?source (aget ?source 1 0 0)
-                               ;;      (cond (= "captured" (aget ?source 1 0 0))
-                               ;;            ["captured" (aget ?source 1 0 1 1)]
-
-                               ;;            (= "local" (aget ?source 1 0 0))
-                               ;;            ["local" (aget ?source 1 0 1)]
-
-                               ;;            :else
-                               ;;            '???))
-                               (compile ?source))))))
+                           (compile ?source)))))
         :let [_ (.visitMethodInsn *writer* Opcodes/INVOKESPECIAL lambda-class "<init>" init-signature)]]
     (return nil)))
 
diff --git a/src/lux/compiler/lux.clj b/src/lux/compiler/lux.clj
index 35a706f05..ad2c9d0c6 100644
--- a/src/lux/compiler/lux.clj
+++ b/src/lux/compiler/lux.clj
@@ -25,14 +25,14 @@
 (let [+class+ (&host/->class "java.lang.Boolean")
       +sig+ (&host/->type-signature "java.lang.Boolean")]
   (defn compile-bool [compile *type* ?value]
-    (|do [*writer* &/get-writer
+    (|do [^MethodVisitor *writer* &/get-writer
           :let [_ (.visitFieldInsn *writer* Opcodes/GETSTATIC (&host/->class "java.lang.Boolean") (if ?value "TRUE" "FALSE") (&host/->type-signature "java.lang.Boolean"))]]
       (return nil))))
 
 (do-template [<name> <class> <sig> <caster>]
   (let [+class+ (&host/->class <class>)]
     (defn <name> [compile *type* value]
-      (|do [*writer* &/get-writer
+      (|do [^MethodVisitor *writer* &/get-writer
             :let [_ (doto *writer*
                       (.visitTypeInsn Opcodes/NEW +class+)
                       (.visitInsn Opcodes/DUP)
@@ -46,12 +46,12 @@
   )
 
 (defn compile-text [compile *type* ?value]
-  (|do [*writer* &/get-writer
+  (|do [^MethodVisitor *writer* &/get-writer
         :let [_ (.visitLdcInsn *writer* ?value)]]
     (return nil)))
 
 (defn compile-tuple [compile *type* ?elems]
-  (|do [*writer* &/get-writer
+  (|do [^MethodVisitor *writer* &/get-writer
         :let [num-elems (&/|length ?elems)
               _ (doto *writer*
                   (.visitLdcInsn (int num-elems))
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@
 
 (defn compile-record [compile *type* ?elems]
   ;; (prn 'compile-record (str "{{" (->> ?elems &/|keys (&/|interpose " ") (&/fold str "")) "}}"))
-  (|do [*writer* &/get-writer
+  (|do [^MethodVisitor *writer* &/get-writer
         :let [elems* (->> ?elems
                           &/->seq
                           (sort #(compare (&/|first %1) (&/|first %2)))
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@
     (return nil)))
 
 (defn compile-variant [compile *type* ?tag ?value]
-  (|do [*writer* &/get-writer
+  (|do [^MethodVisitor *writer* &/get-writer
         :let [_ (doto *writer*
                   (.visitLdcInsn (int 2))
                   (.visitTypeInsn Opcodes/ANEWARRAY (&host/->class "java.lang.Object"))
@@ -106,13 +106,13 @@
     (return nil)))
 
 (defn compile-local [compile *type* ?idx]
-  (|do [*writer* &/get-writer
+  (|do [^MethodVisitor *writer* &/get-writer
         :let [_ (.visitVarInsn *writer* Opcodes/ALOAD (int ?idx))]]
     (return nil)))
 
 (defn compile-captured [compile *type* ?scope ?captured-id ?source]
   ;; (prn 'compile-captured ?scope ?captured-id)
-  (|do [*writer* &/get-writer
+  (|do [^MethodVisitor *writer* &/get-writer
         :let [_ (doto *writer*
                   (.visitVarInsn Opcodes/ALOAD 0)
                   (.visitFieldInsn Opcodes/GETFIELD
@@ -122,19 +122,19 @@
     (return nil)))
 
 (defn compile-global [compile *type* ?owner-class ?name]
-  (|do [*writer* &/get-writer
+  (|do [^MethodVisitor *writer* &/get-writer
         :let [_ (.visitFieldInsn *writer* Opcodes/GETSTATIC (&host/->class (&host/location (&/|list ?owner-class ?name))) "_datum" "Ljava/lang/Object;")]]
     (return nil)))
 
 (defn compile-apply [compile *type* ?fn ?arg]
-  (|do [*writer* &/get-writer
+  (|do [^MethodVisitor *writer* &/get-writer
         _ (compile ?fn)
         _ (compile ?arg)
         :let [_ (.visitMethodInsn *writer* Opcodes/INVOKEINTERFACE (&host/->class &host/function-class) "apply" &&/apply-signature)]]
     (return nil)))
 
 (defn compile-def [compile ?name ?body ?def-data]
-  (|do [*writer* &/get-writer
+  (|do [^ClassWriter *writer* &/get-writer
         module-name &/get-module-name
         :let [outer-class (&host/->class module-name)
               datum-sig (&host/->type-signature "java.lang.Object")
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@
                            (doto (.visitEnd))))]
         ;; :let [_ (prn 'compile-def/pre-body)]
         _ (&/with-writer (.visitMethod =class Opcodes/ACC_PUBLIC "<clinit>" "()V" nil nil)
-            (|do [**writer** &/get-writer
+            (|do [^MethodVisitor **writer** &/get-writer
                   :let [_ (.visitCode **writer**)]
                   ;; :let [_ (prn 'compile-def/pre-body2)]
                   _ (compile ?body)
diff --git a/src/lux/host.clj b/src/lux/host.clj
index 9d6f72fab..2d7cbbbdf 100644
--- a/src/lux/host.clj
+++ b/src/lux/host.clj
@@ -4,14 +4,15 @@
             [clojure.core.match :as M :refer [match matchv]]
             clojure.core.match.array
             (lux [base :as & :refer [|do return* return fail fail* |let]]
-                 [type :as &type])))
+                 [type :as &type]))
+  (:import (java.lang.reflect Field Method Modifier)))
 
 ;; [Constants]
 (def prefix "lux.")
 (def function-class (str prefix "Function"))
 
 ;; [Utils]
-(defn ^:private class->type [class]
+(defn ^:private class->type [^Class class]
   (if-let [[_ base arr-level] (re-find #"^([^\[]+)(\[\])*$"
                                        (str (if-let [pkg (.getPackage class)]
                                               (str (.getName pkg) ".")
@@ -23,7 +24,7 @@
                                     base)))
       )))
 
-(defn ^:private method->type [method]
+(defn ^:private method->type [^Method method]
   (|do [;; =args (&/map% class->type (&/->list (seq (.getParameterTypes method))))
          =return (class->type (.getReturnType method))]
     (return =return)))
@@ -46,10 +47,10 @@
 
 (defn full-class-name [class-name]
   ;; (prn 'full-class-name class-name)
-  (|do [=class (full-class class-name)]
+  (|do [^Class =class (full-class class-name)]
     (return (.getName =class))))
 
-(defn ->class [class]
+(defn ^String ->class [class]
   (string/replace class #"\." "/"))
 
 (def ->package ->class)
@@ -73,7 +74,7 @@
         (str "L" class* ";")))
     ))
 
-(defn ->java-sig [type]
+(defn ->java-sig [^objects type]
   (matchv ::M/objects [type]
     [["lux;DataT" ?name]]
     (->type-signature ?name)
@@ -104,10 +105,10 @@
 (do-template [<name> <static?>]
   (defn <name> [target field]
     (let [target (Class/forName target)]
-      (if-let [type* (first (for [=field (.getFields target)
+      (if-let [type* (first (for [^Field =field (.getFields target)
                                   :when (and (= target (.getDeclaringClass =field))
                                              (= field (.getName =field))
-                                             (= <static?> (java.lang.reflect.Modifier/isStatic (.getModifiers =field))))]
+                                             (= <static?> (Modifier/isStatic (.getModifiers =field))))]
                               (.getType =field)))]
         (|do [=type (class->type type*)]
           (return =type))
@@ -120,18 +121,18 @@
 (do-template [<name> <static?>]
   (defn <name> [target method-name args]
     (let [target (Class/forName target)]
-      (if-let [method (first (for [=method (.getMethods target)
+      (if-let [method (first (for [^Method =method (.getMethods target)
                                    ;; :let [_ (prn '<name> '=method =method (mapv #(.getName %) (.getParameterTypes =method)))]
                                    :when (and (= target (.getDeclaringClass =method))
                                               (= method-name (.getName =method))
-                                              (= <static?> (java.lang.reflect.Modifier/isStatic (.getModifiers =method)))
+                                              (= <static?> (Modifier/isStatic (.getModifiers =method)))
                                               (&/fold #(and %1 %2)
                                                       true
                                                       (&/|map (fn [xy]
                                                                 (|let [[x y] xy]
                                                                   (= x y)))
                                                               (&/zip2 args
-                                                                      (&/|map #(.getName %) (&/->list (seq (.getParameterTypes =method))))))))]
+                                                                      (&/|map #(.getName ^Class %) (&/->list (seq (.getParameterTypes =method))))))))]
                                =method))]
         (method->type method)
         (fail (str "[Analyser Error] Method does not exist: " target method-name)))))
diff --git a/src/lux/parser.clj b/src/lux/parser.clj
index 85074be7d..cb89f63a2 100644
--- a/src/lux/parser.clj
+++ b/src/lux/parser.clj
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@
       [["lux;Meta" [meta ["Real" ?value]]]]
       (return (&/|list (&/V "lux;Meta" (&/T meta (&/V "lux;Real" (Float/parseFloat ?value))))))
 
-      [["lux;Meta" [meta ["Char" ?value]]]]
+      [["lux;Meta" [meta ["Char" ^String ?value]]]]
       (return (&/|list (&/V "lux;Meta" (&/T meta (&/V "lux;Char" (.charAt ?value 0))))))
 
       [["lux;Meta" [meta ["Text" ?value]]]]
diff --git a/src/lux/reader.clj b/src/lux/reader.clj
index d163bcae3..d66a671aa 100644
--- a/src/lux/reader.clj
+++ b/src/lux/reader.clj
@@ -32,8 +32,8 @@
 ;; [Exports]
 (defn read-regex [regex]
   (with-line
-    (fn [file-name line-num column-num line]
-      (if-let [[match] (re-find regex line)]
+    (fn [file-name line-num column-num ^String line]
+      (if-let [[^String match] (re-find regex line)]
         (let [match-length (.length match)
               line* (.substring line match-length)
               ;; _ (prn 'with-line line*)
@@ -46,8 +46,8 @@
 
 (defn read-regex2 [regex]
   (with-line
-    (fn [file-name line-num column-num line]
-      (if-let [[match tok1 tok2] (re-find regex line)]
+    (fn [file-name line-num column-num ^String line]
+      (if-let [[^String match tok1 tok2] (re-find regex line)]
         (let [match-length (.length match)
               line* (.substring line match-length)
               ;; _ (prn 'with-line line*)
@@ -58,9 +58,9 @@
                             (&/V "lux;Some" (&/V "lux;Meta" (&/T (&/T file-name line-num (+ column-num match-length)) line*)))))))
         (&/V "No" (str "[Reader Error] Pattern failed: " regex))))))
 
-(defn read-text [text]
+(defn read-text [^String text]
   (with-line
-    (fn [file-name line-num column-num line]
+    (fn [file-name line-num column-num ^String line]
       ;; (prn 'read-text text line)
       (if (.startsWith line text)
         (let [match-length (.length text)
diff --git a/src/lux/type.clj b/src/lux/type.clj
index 766e28a39..c8ee06059 100644
--- a/src/lux/type.clj
+++ b/src/lux/type.clj
@@ -342,7 +342,7 @@
     [_]
     (fail (str "[Type Error] Not type-var: " (show-type tvar)))))
 
-(defn show-type [type]
+(defn show-type [^objects type]
   ;; (prn 'show-type (aget type 0))
   (matchv ::M/objects [type]
     [["lux;DataT" name]]