open Identifiers open Names module T = Types module V = Values module E = Expressions module A = LlbcAst module TypeDeclId = T.TypeDeclId module TypeVarId = T.TypeVarId module RegionGroupId = T.RegionGroupId module VariantId = T.VariantId module FieldId = T.FieldId module SymbolicValueId = V.SymbolicValueId module SynthPhaseId = IdGen () (** We give an identifier to every phase of the synthesis (forward, backward for group of regions 0, etc.) *) module VarId = IdGen () (** Pay attention to the fact that we also define a [VarId] module in Values *) type integer_type = T.integer_type [@@deriving show, ord] (** The assumed types for the pure AST. In comparison with LLBC: - we removed `Box` (because it is translated as the identity: `Box T == T`) - we added: - `Result`: the type used in the error monad. This allows us to have a unified treatment of expressions (especially when we have to unfold the monadic binds) - `State`: the type of the state, when using state-error monads. Note that this state is opaque to Aeneas (the user can define it, or leave it as assumed) *) type assumed_ty = State | Result | Vec | Option [@@deriving show, ord] (* TODO: we should never directly manipulate `Return` and `Fail`, but rather * the monadic functions `return` and `fail` (makes treatment of error and * state-error monads more uniform) *) let result_return_id = VariantId.of_int 0 let result_fail_id = VariantId.of_int 1 let option_some_id = T.option_some_id let option_none_id = T.option_none_id type type_id = AdtId of TypeDeclId.id | Tuple | Assumed of assumed_ty [@@deriving show, ord] (** Ancestor for iter visitor for [ty] *) class ['self] iter_ty_base = object (_self : 'self) inherit [_] VisitorsRuntime.iter method visit_id : 'env -> TypeVarId.id -> unit = fun _ _ -> () method visit_type_id : 'env -> type_id -> unit = fun _ _ -> () method visit_integer_type : 'env -> integer_type -> unit = fun _ _ -> () end (** Ancestor for map visitor for [ty] *) class ['self] map_ty_base = object (_self : 'self) inherit [_] VisitorsRuntime.map method visit_id : 'env -> TypeVarId.id -> TypeVarId.id = fun _ id -> id method visit_type_id : 'env -> type_id -> type_id = fun _ id -> id method visit_integer_type : 'env -> integer_type -> integer_type = fun _ ity -> ity end type ty = | Adt of type_id * ty list (** [Adt] encodes ADTs and tuples and assumed types. TODO: what about the ended regions? (ADTs may be parameterized with several region variables. When giving back an ADT value, we may be able to only give back part of the ADT. We need a way to encode such "partial" ADTs. *) | TypeVar of TypeVarId.id | Bool | Char | Integer of integer_type | Str | Array of ty (* TODO: this should be an assumed type?... *) | Slice of ty (* TODO: this should be an assumed type?... *) | Arrow of ty * ty [@@deriving show, visitors { name = "iter_ty"; variety = "iter"; ancestors = [ "iter_ty_base" ]; nude = true (* Don't inherit [VisitorsRuntime.iter] *); concrete = true; polymorphic = false; }, visitors { name = "map_ty"; variety = "map"; ancestors = [ "map_ty_base" ]; nude = true (* Don't inherit [VisitorsRuntime.iter] *); concrete = true; polymorphic = false; }] type field = { field_name : string option; field_ty : ty } [@@deriving show] type variant = { variant_name : string; fields : field list } [@@deriving show] type type_decl_kind = Struct of field list | Enum of variant list | Opaque [@@deriving show] type type_var = T.type_var [@@deriving show] type type_decl = { def_id : TypeDeclId.id; name : name; type_params : type_var list; kind : type_decl_kind; } [@@deriving show] type scalar_value = V.scalar_value [@@deriving show] type constant_value = V.constant_value [@@deriving show] type var = { id : VarId.id; basename : string option; (** The "basename" is used to generate a meaningful name for the variable (by potentially adding an index to uniquely identify it). *) ty : ty; } [@@deriving show] (** Because we introduce a lot of temporary variables, the list of variables is not fixed: we thus must carry all its information with the variable itself. *) (* TODO: we might want to redefine field_proj_kind here, to prevent field accesses * on enumerations. * Also: tuples... * Rmk: projections are actually only used as meta-data. * *) type mprojection_elem = { pkind : E.field_proj_kind; field_id : FieldId.id } [@@deriving show] type mprojection = mprojection_elem list [@@deriving show] type mplace = { var_id : V.VarId.id; name : string option; projection : mprojection; } [@@deriving show] (** "Meta" place. Meta-data retrieved from the symbolic execution, which gives provenance information about the values. We use this to generate names for the variables we introduce. *) type variant_id = VariantId.id [@@deriving show] (** Ancestor for [iter_pat_var_or_dummy] visitor *) class ['self] iter_value_base = object (_self : 'self) inherit [_] VisitorsRuntime.iter method visit_constant_value : 'env -> constant_value -> unit = fun _ _ -> () method visit_var : 'env -> var -> unit = fun _ _ -> () method visit_mplace : 'env -> mplace -> unit = fun _ _ -> () method visit_ty : 'env -> ty -> unit = fun _ _ -> () method visit_variant_id : 'env -> variant_id -> unit = fun _ _ -> () end (** Ancestor for [map_typed_rvalue] visitor *) class ['self] map_value_base = object (_self : 'self) inherit [_] VisitorsRuntime.map method visit_constant_value : 'env -> constant_value -> constant_value = fun _ x -> x method visit_var : 'env -> var -> var = fun _ x -> x method visit_mplace : 'env -> mplace -> mplace = fun _ x -> x method visit_ty : 'env -> ty -> ty = fun _ x -> x method visit_variant_id : 'env -> variant_id -> variant_id = fun _ x -> x end (** Ancestor for [reduce_typed_rvalue] visitor *) class virtual ['self] reduce_value_base = object (self : 'self) inherit [_] VisitorsRuntime.reduce method visit_constant_value : 'env -> constant_value -> 'a = fun _ _ -> self#zero method visit_var : 'env -> var -> 'a = fun _ _ -> self#zero method visit_mplace : 'env -> mplace -> 'a = fun _ _ -> self#zero method visit_ty : 'env -> ty -> 'a = fun _ _ -> self#zero method visit_variant_id : 'env -> variant_id -> 'a = fun _ _ -> self#zero end (** Ancestor for [mapreduce_typed_rvalue] visitor *) class virtual ['self] mapreduce_value_base = object (self : 'self) inherit [_] VisitorsRuntime.mapreduce method visit_constant_value : 'env -> constant_value -> constant_value * 'a = fun _ x -> (x, self#zero) method visit_var : 'env -> var -> var * 'a = fun _ x -> (x, self#zero) method visit_mplace : 'env -> mplace -> mplace * 'a = fun _ x -> (x, self#zero) method visit_ty : 'env -> ty -> ty * 'a = fun _ x -> (x, self#zero) method visit_variant_id : 'env -> variant_id -> variant_id * 'a = fun _ x -> (x, self#zero) end (** A pattern (which appears on the left of assignments, in matches, etc.). *) type pattern = | PatConcrete of constant_value (** [PatConcrete] is necessary because we merge the switches over integer values and the matches over enumerations *) | PatVar of var * mplace option | PatDummy (** Ignored value: `_`. *) | PatAdt of adt_pattern and adt_pattern = { variant_id : variant_id option; field_values : typed_pattern list; } and typed_pattern = { value : pattern; ty : ty } [@@deriving show, visitors { name = "iter_typed_pattern"; variety = "iter"; ancestors = [ "iter_value_base" ]; nude = true (* Don't inherit [VisitorsRuntime.iter] *); concrete = true; polymorphic = false; }, visitors { name = "map_typed_pattern"; variety = "map"; ancestors = [ "map_value_base" ]; nude = true (* Don't inherit [VisitorsRuntime.iter] *); concrete = true; polymorphic = false; }, visitors { name = "reduce_typed_pattern"; variety = "reduce"; ancestors = [ "reduce_value_base" ]; nude = true (* Don't inherit [VisitorsRuntime.iter] *); polymorphic = false; }, visitors { name = "mapreduce_typed_pattern"; variety = "mapreduce"; ancestors = [ "mapreduce_value_base" ]; nude = true (* Don't inherit [VisitorsRuntime.iter] *); polymorphic = false; }] type unop = Not | Neg of integer_type | Cast of integer_type * integer_type [@@deriving show, ord] type fun_id = | Regular of A.fun_id * T.RegionGroupId.id option (** Backward id: `Some` if the function is a backward function, `None` if it is a forward function. TODO: we need to redefine A.fun_id here, to add `fail` and `return` (important to get a unified treatment of the state-error monad). For now, when using the state-error monad: extraction works only if we unfold all the monadic let-bindings, and we then replace the content of the occurrences of `Return` to also return the state (which is really super ugly). *) | Unop of unop | Binop of E.binop * integer_type [@@deriving show, ord] type adt_cons_id = { adt_id : type_id; variant_id : variant_id option } [@@deriving show] (** An identifier for an ADT constructor *) type projection = { adt_id : type_id; field_id : FieldId.id } [@@deriving show] (** Projection - For now we don't support projection of tuple fields (because not all the backends have syntax for this). *) type qualif_id = | Func of fun_id | Global of A.GlobalDeclId.id | AdtCons of adt_cons_id (** A function or ADT constructor identifier *) | Proj of projection (** Field projector *) [@@deriving show] type qualif = { id : qualif_id; type_args : ty list } [@@deriving show] (** An instantiated qualified. Note that for now we have a clear separation between types and expressions, which explains why we have the `type_params` field: a function or ADT constructor is always fully instantiated. *) type var_id = VarId.id [@@deriving show] (** Ancestor for [iter_expression] visitor *) class ['self] iter_expression_base = object (_self : 'self) inherit [_] iter_typed_pattern method visit_integer_type : 'env -> integer_type -> unit = fun _ _ -> () method visit_var_id : 'env -> var_id -> unit = fun _ _ -> () method visit_qualif : 'env -> qualif -> unit = fun _ _ -> () end (** Ancestor for [map_expression] visitor *) class ['self] map_expression_base = object (_self : 'self) inherit [_] map_typed_pattern method visit_integer_type : 'env -> integer_type -> integer_type = fun _ x -> x method visit_var_id : 'env -> var_id -> var_id = fun _ x -> x method visit_qualif : 'env -> qualif -> qualif = fun _ x -> x end (** Ancestor for [reduce_expression] visitor *) class virtual ['self] reduce_expression_base = object (self : 'self) inherit [_] reduce_typed_pattern method visit_integer_type : 'env -> integer_type -> 'a = fun _ _ -> self#zero method visit_var_id : 'env -> var_id -> 'a = fun _ _ -> self#zero method visit_qualif : 'env -> qualif -> 'a = fun _ _ -> self#zero end (** Ancestor for [mapreduce_expression] visitor *) class virtual ['self] mapreduce_expression_base = object (self : 'self) inherit [_] mapreduce_typed_pattern method visit_integer_type : 'env -> integer_type -> integer_type * 'a = fun _ x -> (x, self#zero) method visit_var_id : 'env -> var_id -> var_id * 'a = fun _ x -> (x, self#zero) method visit_qualif : 'env -> qualif -> qualif * 'a = fun _ x -> (x, self#zero) end (** **Rk.:** here, [expression] is not at all equivalent to the expressions used in LLBC. They are lambda-calculus expressions, and are thus actually more general than the LLBC statements, in a sense. *) type expression = | Var of var_id (** a variable *) | Const of constant_value | App of texpression * texpression (** Application of a function to an argument. The function calls are still quite structured. Change that?... We might want to have a "normal" lambda calculus app (with head and argument): this would allow us to replace some field accesses with calls to projectors over fields (when there are clashes of field names, some provers like F* get pretty bad...) *) | Abs of typed_pattern * texpression (** Lambda abstraction: `fun x -> e` *) | Qualif of qualif (** A top-level qualifier *) | Let of bool * typed_pattern * texpression * texpression (** Let binding. TODO: the boolean should be replaced by an enum: sometimes we use the error-monad, sometimes we use the state-error monad (and we do this an a per-function basis! For instance, arithmetic functions are always in the error monad). The boolean controls whether the let is monadic or not. For instance, in F*: - non-monadic: `let x = ... in ...` - monadic: `x <-- ...; ...` Note that we are quite general for the left-value on purpose; this is used in several situations: 1. When deconstructing a tuple: ``` let (x, y) = p in ... ``` (not all languages have syntax like `p.0`, `p.1`... and it is more readable anyway). 2. When expanding an enumeration with one variant. In this case, [Deconstruct] has to be understood as: ``` let Cons x tl = ls in ... ``` Note that later, depending on the language we extract to, we can eventually update it to something like this (for F*, for instance): ``` let x = Cons?.v ls in let tl = Cons?.tl ls in ... ``` *) | Switch of texpression * switch_body | Meta of (meta[@opaque]) * texpression (** Meta-information *) and switch_body = If of texpression * texpression | Match of match_branch list and match_branch = { pat : typed_pattern; branch : texpression } and texpression = { e : expression; ty : ty } and mvalue = (texpression[@opaque]) (** Meta-value (converted to an expression). It is important that the content is opaque. TODO: is it possible to mark the whole mvalue type as opaque? *) and meta = | Assignment of mplace * mvalue * mplace option (** Meta-information stored in the AST. The first mplace stores the destination. The mvalue stores the value which is put in the destination The second (optional) mplace stores the origin. *) | MPlace of mplace (** Meta-information about the origin of a value *) [@@deriving show, visitors { name = "iter_expression"; variety = "iter"; ancestors = [ "iter_expression_base" ]; nude = true (* Don't inherit [VisitorsRuntime.iter] *); concrete = true; }, visitors { name = "map_expression"; variety = "map"; ancestors = [ "map_expression_base" ]; nude = true (* Don't inherit [VisitorsRuntime.iter] *); concrete = true; }, visitors { name = "reduce_expression"; variety = "reduce"; ancestors = [ "reduce_expression_base" ]; nude = true (* Don't inherit [VisitorsRuntime.iter] *); }, visitors { name = "mapreduce_expression"; variety = "mapreduce"; ancestors = [ "mapreduce_expression_base" ]; nude = true (* Don't inherit [VisitorsRuntime.iter] *); }] type fun_effect_info = { input_state : bool; (** `true` if the function takes a state as input *) output_state : bool; (** `true` if the function outputs a state (it then lives in a state monad) *) can_fail : bool; (** `true` if the return type is a `result` *) } (** Information about the "effect" of a function *) type fun_sig_info = { num_fwd_inputs : int; (** The number of input types for forward computation *) num_back_inputs : int option; (** The number of additional inputs for the backward computation (if pertinent) *) effect_info : fun_effect_info; } (** Meta information about a function signature *) type fun_sig = { type_params : type_var list; inputs : ty list; output : ty; doutputs : ty list; (** The "decomposed" list of outputs. In case of a forward function, the list has length = 1, for the type of the returned value. In case of backward function, the list contains all the types of all the given back values (there is at most one type per forward input argument). Ex.: ``` fn choose<'a, T>(b : bool, x : &'a mut T, y : &'a mut T) -> &'a mut T; ``` Decomposed outputs: - forward function: [T] - backward function: [T; T] (for "x" and "y") *) info : fun_sig_info; (** Additional information *) } (** A function signature. We have the following cases: - forward function: `in_ty0 -> ... -> in_tyn -> out_ty` (* pure function *) `in_ty0 -> ... -> in_tyn -> result out_ty` (* error-monad *) `in_ty0 -> ... -> in_tyn -> state -> result (state & out_ty)` (* state-error *) - backward function: `in_ty0 -> ... -> in_tyn -> back_in0 -> ... back_inm -> (back_out0 & ... & back_outp)` (* pure function *) `in_ty0 -> ... -> in_tyn -> back_in0 -> ... back_inm -> result (back_out0 & ... & back_outp)` (* error-monad *) `in_ty0 -> ... -> in_tyn -> state -> back_in0 -> ... back_inm -> result (back_out0 & ... & back_outp)` (* state-error *) Note that a backward function never returns (i.e., updates) a state: only forward functions do so. Also, the state input parameter is *betwee* the forward inputs and the backward inputs. The function's type should be given by `mk_arrows sig.inputs sig.output`. We provide additional meta-information: - we divide between forward inputs and backward inputs (i.e., inputs specific to the forward functions, and additional inputs necessary if the signature is for a backward function) - we have booleans to give us the fact that the function takes a state as input, or can fail, etc. without having to inspect the signature - etc. *) type inst_fun_sig = { inputs : ty list; output : ty; doutputs : ty list; info : fun_sig_info; } (** An instantiated function signature. See [fun_sig] *) type fun_body = { inputs : var list; inputs_lvs : typed_pattern list; (** The inputs seen as patterns. Allows to make transformations, for example to replace unused variables by `_` *) body : texpression; } type fun_decl = { def_id : A.FunDeclId.id; back_id : T.RegionGroupId.id option; basename : fun_name; (** The "base" name of the function. The base name is the original name of the Rust function. We add suffixes (to identify the forward/backward functions) later. *) signature : fun_sig; is_global_body : bool; body : fun_body option; }